Celem niniejszego opracowania jest analiza konstytucyjnoprawnej regulacji prawa gmi-ny do zrzeszania się w świetle obowiązującego systemu prawa. Punktem wyjścia jest przedstawienie konstytucyjnych podstaw prawnych zrzeszania się. Następnie omówio-no przystępowanie do międzynarodowych zrzeszeń przez jednostki samorządu teryto-rialnego. Kolejne rozważania dotyczą współpracy międzynarodowej na gruncie prawa Unii Europejskiej. Ostatnia część pracy to analiza stowarzyszeń gminnych w świetle ust-awy o samorządzie gminnym.
EN
The purpose of this study is to analyze the constitutional legal regulation of the right of the commune to associate in the light of the applicable legal system. The starting point is to present the constitutional legal basis of the association. Next, accession to international associations by local government units was discussed. The next considera-tions concern international cooperation under European Union law. The last part of the work is an analysis of municipal associations in the light of the act on municipal self-government.
The article deals with the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Canada regarding the relationship between the right of association and the right to collective bargaining and the right to strike. The paper analyzes such sentences as: BC Health or SFL v Saskatchewan. The article presents the "dialogue" between individual courts and tribunals. In the SFL v Saskatchewan ruling, the Supreme Court of Canada points to a growing international consensus that if the right to collective bargaining to be meaningful, it must include the right to strike. In these considerations the court directly refers to the achievements of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. The relationship between the jurisprudence of both entities is clear. A clear common base is the output of the quasicase law of the International Labor Organization.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego Kanady w zakresie relacji pomiędzy prawem do zrzeszania się a prawem do rokowań zbiorowych i prawem do strajku. Autorka analizuje takie orzeczenia jak BC Health czy SFL v Saskatchewan. Przedstawia „dialog” pomiędzy poszczególnymi sądami i trybunałami. W orzeczeniu SFL v Saskatchewan Sąd Najwyższy Kanady wskazuje na wzmacniający się międzynarodowy konsensus, że aby prawo do rokowań zbiorowych było znaczące, musi zawierać w sobie prawo do strajku. W swoich rozważaniach Sąd Najwyższy Kanady odwołuje się bezpośrednio do dorobku Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka w Strasburgu. Relacja pomiędzy orzecznictwem obu podmiotów jest wyrazista. Wyraźną wspólną bazą jest dorobek quasi-orzecznicy Międzynarodowej Organizacji Pracy.
On the 25th of September, 2015 the Polish Parliament adopted the act amending the 1989 Act on Associations. Though there had been eight subsequent amendments, the 2015 act was the first aiming to substantially adapt the Act on Associations – the first legal effect of the political consensus achieved within the Round Table negotiations of the then Communist government and the “democratic opposition” – to new social and economic conditions of Poland. 26 years of functioning of the Act have been the time of passage from “real socialism” to “democratic state of law” having to base, according to the 1997 Constitution, on “social market economy”, and from a practical isolation of Poland within its borders to its opening to the world, in particular within the framework of European institutions. The article sketches, also on the basis of the author’s personal experience due to his participation in drafting and legislative works, the course of the revision works initiated in 2009, in particular of parliamentary works on the 2014 President’s draft law, as well as their limited results achieved in the 2015 act. Analyses of causes of such limitation are presented on the plane of the most important items of the pre- -parliamentary and parliamentary debates, i.e. right of legal persons to associate on equal terms with physical persons (not included in the President’s proposal), right of foreigners to associate on equal terms with citizens (and inhabitants) of Poland (its application had been proposed by the President, but not included in the act), and legal effect of the, generally agreed, elevation of the status of “ordinary association” on functioning of the present ordinary associations that would not wish to become new ordinary associations; the latter question relates to the fundamental issue of the sense of the freedom of association.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.