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Precedents as a Source of Land Law in Poland’s Past

100%
Lesiński B.
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
|
2019
|
vol. 10
191-245
EN
The paper is an English translation of Prejudykaty jako źródło prawa ziemskiego w dawnej Polsce by Bogdan Lesiński published originally in “Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne” from 1990. The text is published as a part of a jubilee edition of the “Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review. 100th Anniversary of the Faculty of Law and Administration” devoted to the achievements of the late Professors of the Faculty of Law and Administration of the Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań.
2
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Vliv judikatury Soudního dvora EU na unijní právo

51%
Fellerová Palkovská I.
Právník. Teoretický časopis pro otázky státu a práva (The Lawyer - Scientific Review for Problems of State and Law)
|
2020
|
vol. 159
|
issue 4
342-357
EN
The EU Court of Justice is the judicial institution of the European Union and combines the role of a constitutional, supreme and administrative court. Its impact on the Union law and status of European Union is unquestionable. The article therefore aims to find an answer to the question, how it came about that this judicial institution, thus not primarily a legislative institution, gained such an important position. It examines the factors that enabled him to accomplish that – including the wording of the Treaties, multilingualism of the Union and of course the preliminary reference procedure, which connects in a unique way the courts of member states and the Court of Justice, i.e. a body of an international organization. Subsequently, the article aims to answer the question, if, with its decision-making, the Court does not overstep the competences vested by the Treaties. In this respect, it is necessary to take into consideration not only whether its decision- making is in accordance with the respective provisions of the Treaties which directly give competence to the Court, but also whether it does not collide with the institutional balance of the Union, i.e. the analogue of the separation of powers in a state, and does not interfere with competences of other EU institutions. In the article the question of legitimacy of the (law-making) activity of the Court of Justice is discussed, too.
CS
Soudní dvůr EU je soudním orgánem Evropské unie, který v sobě kombinuje roli ústavního, nejvyššího a správního soudu. Jeho vliv na podobu unijního práva a postavení Evropské unie vůbec je nezpochybnitelný. Článek se proto snaží najít odpověď na otázku, jak došlo k tomu, že tento soudní orgán, tedy nikoli primárně orgán normotvorný, si takové významné postavení získal. Zkoumá přitom faktory, které mu to umožnily – mimo jiné samotné znění Smluv, mnohojazyčnost Unie a samozřejmě také řízení o předběžné otázce, jež v mezinárodním právu unikátním způsobem propojuje soudy členských států a Soudní dvůr, tedy orgán mezinárodní organizace. V návaznosti na to se článek také snaží najít odpověď na otázku, zda svou rozhodovací činností nevybočuje ze svých kompetencí, které mu byly Smlouvami svěřeny. V tomto ohledu je potřeba se zamýšlet nejen nad tím, zda jeho činnost odpovídá kompetenčnímu zmocnění v ustanoveních Smluv přímo mu svěřující pravomoc, ale také zda nenarušuje institucionální rovnováhu v Unii, tedy obdobu dělby moci ve státě, a nezasahuje tak do kompetencí jiných unijních orgánů. V příspěvku je také diskutována otázka legitimity (normotvorné) činnosti Soudního dvora.
3
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Surrogacy; A regression to a patriarchal society free of social policies?

51%
Panero Oria P.
Journal of Modern Science
|
2019
|
issue 1(40)
115-124
ES
En contra de lo que se pueda creer, y a pesar de las nuevas técnicas de reproducción humana, la gestación por sustitución no es una práctica exclusiva del siglo XXI y ya el Derecho Romano nos suministra una serie de fuentes sobre el uso de esa práctica entre la aristocracia romana. En este trabajo se traen a colación algunos de esos ejemplos, mostrando además cual era la razón de que se realizara esta práctica, en una sociedad patriarcal, que utilizaba a la mujer con fines reproductivos en interés no sólo de la familia, sino de la propia sociedad. Esto hace que nos preguntemos si, hoy dia, el uso de esta práctica también responde a unos intereses sociales, en los que la mujer, es objeto de mercantilización.
EN
Contrary to what can be believed, and despite the new techniques of human reproduction, gestational surrogacy is not an exclusive practice of the 21st century and Roman law already provides us with a series of sources on the use of this practice among the Roman aristocracy. In this work some of these examples are brought up, showing the reason why this practice was carried out in a patriarchal society, which used women for reproductive purposes in the interest not only of the family but also of society itself. This makes us wonder if, nowadays, the use of this practice also responds to social interests, in which women are the object of commodification, perhaps more characteristic of a patriarchal society.
4

Precedensowy charakter uchwał Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego

38%
Krzeszowiak P.
Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne
|
2016
|
vol. 20
35-49
EN
Precedensal Character Resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court The article presents the issue of the precedent character of some resolutions of the Supreme Administrative Court. At the same time he deals with the law-making and the precedent role of administrative courts. It deals with the issues of contemporary law change, including the transition from the syllogistic to the paradigmatic application of law. In addition, it describes Competence of the Supreme Administrative Court to adopt resolutions aimed at clarifying legal provisions, the application of which has caused divergences in the case law of administrative courts. At the end of the article is presented a review of the resolutions of the Supreme Administrative Court in the author’s assessment of the precedent character.
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