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EN
a2_The article explains how criticism of the housing schemes, the chief representative of which was urbanist Jiří Hrůza (1925-2012), had been growing stronger since as early as the mid-1960s. Influenced by works of US journalist and urbanistic activist Jane Jacobs (1916-2006), he presented a comprehensive critique of socialist modernism and questioned they very principle of urban planning as a tool of social transformation. The intellectual skepticism was soon thereafter reflected in urban planning practices in Prague; they abandoned the modernistic principle of zoning and acknowledged the value (first urbanistic, later architectural) of traditional quarters. In the end of the article, the author analyzes how the urbanistic turning point was confronted with building industry practices and political preferences demanding rapid construction of flats and apartments.
CS
a2_Článek sleduje, jak již od poloviny šedesátých let sílila kritika sídlištní výstavby, na které se podílel především urbanista Jiří Hrůza (1925-2012). Pod dojmem prací americké novinářky a urbanistické aktivistky Jane Jacobsové (1916-2006) pak na počátku sedmdesátých let podal soustavnou kritiku socialistického modernismu a zpochybnil samotný princip urbanistického plánování jako prostředku společenské transformace. Tato intelektuální skepse se brzy přenesla i do praxe pražského městského plánování, které ustoupilo od modernistických principů zónování a přiznalo tradičním čtvrtím nejdříve urbanistickou a později i architektonickou hodnotu. Nakonec autor sleduje, jak se tento urbanistický obrat střetával s praxí stavební výroby a politickou preferencí rychlé bytové výstavby.
EN
The paper aims to show differentiation of the socio-economic statut of sixty selected housing estates in Czechia on the example of the educational level of the population. We focus both on the differentiation of the housing estates and on the comparison of their position within the Czech cities. Our analyses show that even if the position of most housing estates as compared with other urban neigbourhoods has deteriorated in last decades, they still represent a very heterogeneous set of neighbourhoods in Czechia.
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