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Problematyka społeczna w mowach Jana Mandakuniego

100%
Milewski I.
Vox Patrum
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2012
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vol. 57
409-417
EN
Social problems were important elements in the preaching of the ancient Christian writers. Interesting, yet little-known examples of such activities are the speeches of John Mandakuni, one of the Fathers of the Armenian Church. In 25 homilies analysed by me, John Mandakuni, besides making references to the social matters, also strives to fight the pagan customs that were adopted by Christians into their everyday lives. According to his account, and the correctness of Mandakuni finding is confirmed by other contemporary Christian preachers, these habitual pagan practices were particularly deeply rooted in Christian wed­ding festivities and funerals.
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ks. Andrzej Patrzykąt, Problematyka religijno-społeczna felietonów biskupa Jana Bernarda Szlagi, Wydawnictwo Bernardinum, Pelplin 2020, ss. 300

75%
Dalecki K. P.
Nasza Przeszłość. Studia z dziejów Kościoła i kultury katolickiej w Polsce
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2021
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vol. 135
341-351
3
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Kościół apostolski o wyzwalaniu niewolników. Zarys problematyki

63%
Szczur P.
Vox Patrum
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2016
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vol. 65
617-629
EN
The statements of St. Paul (1Cor 7:18-24; Gal 3:28; Phil 16-22) and Ignatius of Antioch (Epistula ad Polycarpum 4, 3) were analyzed in this paper. In these statements the authors wrote about the liberation of slaves. The advices of St. Paul and St. Ignatius were addressed to those slaves, who had become Christians. These advices come down to remind the slaves, that they should be obedient and subjected to their masters. However these advices were not said because of their approval of slavery as itself, but rather because they accepted the spiritual vision of Christian life, in which all people are brothers and children of God. The au­thors did not see the necessity of calling for liberation of slaves or demolition of slavery, because in their vision all people – sooner or later – come to abolish the yoke of slavery. It should be highlighted, that in social conditioning of those days, calling for the full abolition of slavery and for liberation of all slaves would be a revolution, which ruins the social order. However, the teaching of the authors of Ancient Church caused the gradual passing away from slavery, through creation the new relationship between master and his slave (i.e. John Chrysostom) and finally caused demolition of slavery.
4
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John Chrysostom’s assessment of drunkenness

63%
Szczur P.
Vox Patrum
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2013
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vol. 59
387-400
PL
Z całą pewnością można stwierdzić, że jednym z najznakomitszych wyra­zicieli starożytnej myśli społecznej był Jan Chryzostom. Jego pełne ekspresji kazania kierowane do wiernych są niezwykłe pod względem nasycenia treścia­mi o charakterze społecznym. Odnajdujemy w nich zarejestrowany obraz cod­ziennego życia społecznego starożytnej Antiochii i Konstantynopola w 2. poł. IV i na początku V wieku. Przedstawione w kazaniach i homiliach obrazy stanowią dowód niezwykłej wnikliwości obserwatora ustosunkowującego się do zjawisk zachodzących w ówczesnym społeczeństwie. W niniejszym opracowaniu postanowiono poddać analizie niektóre homilie Jana Chryzostoma, w których Antiocheńczyk odnosi się do pijaństwa (mšqh), które było istotnym problemem społecznym dotykającym chrześcijan (zwłaszcza mężczyzn). Chryzostom bardzo często występował przeciw nadużywaniu alko­holu, a samo pijaństwo uważał za poważne wykroczenie. Odnosząc się do istoty spożywania posiłków podkreślał, że człowiek nie żyje po to, aby jeść i pić, lecz je po to, aby żyć. W przekonaniu naszego autora pijaństwo jest też przyczyną i źródłem wielu innych wad, grzechów oraz wszelkiego zła pojawiającego się w społeczeństwie. Pijaństwo i obżarstwo rujnują też życie duchowe i są przesz­kodą w zdobywaniu owoców postu, a nawet mogą zniweczyć to, co zostało już zdobyte przez jego praktykowanie. Z tego względu Chryzostom często kreśli w kazaniach negatywny obraz pijaka oraz wzywa swych wiernych do porzucenia pijaństwa i obżarstwa.
5
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Głód jako problem ekonomiczny i społeczny w świetle nauczania homiletycznego Jana Chryzostoma

51%
Szczur P.
Vox Patrum
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2018
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vol. 69
595-610
EN
The article consists of three parts covering consecutively the question of treat­ing ancient homilies as historic sources, the economic dimension of hunger and food shortages, and finally, their social dimension. The analyses presented show that hunger and food shortages were quite common phenomena in ancient societ­ies and they were intrinsically woven into the fabric of their everyday lives. In his homilies John Chrysostom encouraged his congregation not only to show their social conscience in the face of starving people, but also to help those in need. Describing lives of the poor, especially those suffering from hunger, the preacher pictured them as morally entitled to receiving help. We should though remem­ber that descriptions of destitution in John Chrysostom’s homilies and sermons were quite often exaggerated and designed to serve preacher’s specific purpose. This is the reason why we should approach their analyses with extreme caution and thoroughness. Nevertheless, the information on the issue of hunger given by Chrysostom is still valuable and useful in discovering the reality of social rela­tionships in his time.
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