Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 2

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  professional organisations
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
This article reviews Bolshevik policy in the field of school education in the early years of Soviet power. The author draws attention to the ideological and political differences between the party and most of the teachers, which intensified after the Bolsheviks seized power. The atmosphere of mutual distrust negatively affected the social policies concerning teachers at the local level. The terrible financial situation of the teachers led to a critical shortage of staff, a decrease in the overall competence of school employees, lack of motivation and capacity to effectively implement school reform. At the same time, the authorities significantly increased the requirements for teachers. Therefore, the Bolsheviks’ concept of the “labour school” was implemented with considerable distortions, causing a general decline in the quality of school education. Summing up the experience of school policy in the first years of the Soviet power, the Bolsheviks understood the need to review their attitude to people’s teachers and in particular to the remuneration of their labour.
EN
This article aims at sketching a big picture of the legal status of craftsmen and of craftsmanship in France and in Poland. The key question is whether this status still presents significant specificities or whether the law treats a craftsman as an ordinary businessman. The analysis, grounded in history and in positive law, shows that the legal status of craftsmen has retained more specificity in France than in Poland.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia zarys podstawowych zagadnień dotyczących statusu prawnego rzemieślnika i rzemiosła w polsko-francuskim ujęciu prawnoporównawczym. Główną kwestią jest pytanie czy rzemieślnik jest już po prostu tylko przedsiębiorcą i czy status rzemieślniczy uległ już, w związku z tym, całkowitej banalizacji prawnej. Analiza, oparta na argumentach historycznych a także na aktualnym stanie prawnym, pokazuje, że przedmiotowy proces banalizacji zaszedł dużo dalej w Polsce niż we Francji.
FR
Cette contribution tente d’esquisser les grandes lignes du statut juridique de l’artisan et de l’artisanat en France et en Pologne. La question centrale est celle de savoir si ce statut s’est déjà entièrement banalisé, l’artisan devenant alors un entrepreneur de droit commun ou s’il présente encore des particularités. L’analyse, prenant appui sur l’histoire et sur le droit positif, démontre que ce processus de banalisation est plus poussé en Pologne qu’en France.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.