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EN
The article under review revises the use of professional situations in the development of theoretical knowledge in humanities in the field of heuristic education. In general, learning situations have long been widely used in professional education for professional subjects’ mastering, but it was considered to regard the efficiency of heuristics in learning humanities by students of non-linguistic specialties. The essence of the heuristic professional situation is shown as an innovative active form of training needed to create personally meaningful knowledge and professional growth of students. Heuristic professional situation within the study was defined as a means of theoretical knowledge mastering of humanities that form the basis of social-professional and general-scientific competences of a specialist in agriculture. Situational tasks had the following structure: the content of educational activity – theoretical knowledge; purpose and the main result in learning, depth and verification of theoretical knowledge; requirements; motives; educational problem; heuristic mechanisms of processing learning content, diagnostics, monitoring and mastered theoretical knowledge levels evaluation. The use of heuristic professional situations results in students’ adaptation to their future professional activity, promotion of creativity, ability to solve problems, analyze the information and diagnose issues. The article confirmed the effectiveness of heuristic professional situations for the use and improvement of the mastered theoretical knowledge of humanities on the example of the author’s model which illustrated creative approach to the learning process organization, designed to get students ready for the interview to take practical training abroad. Heuristic professional situations’ introduction in the practice of higher agricultural school is currently up-to-date due to the following: general education focuses to form professional competences of students; readiness of a student to optimally productive, sometimes unconventional behavior in various professional situations; need to improve monitoring, adjustment and evaluation results for identifying the causes of success or failure of students in the learning process.
EN
The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to the modification of almost all spheres of human life. They also affected the young generation, which is considered to be one of the age groups most affected by its effects, as well as the most easily adapting to the changing conditions of the present reality. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a closer look at the transformations in the areas of professional and financial situation of young people taking place in the pandemic. It presents the results of scientific research as part of a wider research project „Academic students during the COVID-19 pandemic”. The research was carried out with the participation of students of various modes of study (N = 1259) with the use of an online questionnaire (CAWI). The collected empirical material was subject to qualitative and quantitative analysis (applied statistical procedures: Cramer’s V-coefficient, chi-square test, one-way ANOVA). The obtained data indicate a deterioration of the financial and professional situation of every fifth respondent, which proves the negative impact of the pandemic on the lives of academic youth.
PL
Pandemia COVID-19 przyczyniła się do modyfikacji niemalże wszystkich sfer życia człowieka. Nie ominęły one również młodego pokolenia, które uważane jest za jedną z grup wiekowych najbardziej odczuwających jej skutki, jak i najłatwiej adaptującej się do zmieniających się warunków obecnej rzeczywistości. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest poddanie bliższemu oglądowi przeobrażeń obszarów sytuacji zawodowej i materialnej młodych ludzi mających miejsce w pandemii. Przedstawiono w nim wyniki badań naukowych stanowiących element szerszego projektu badawczego Młodzież akademicka w okresie pandemii COVID-19. Badania zostały przeprowadzone z udziałem studentów różnych trybów studiów (N=1259) z wykorzystaniem kwestionariusza ankiety internetowej (CAWI). Zgromadzony materiał empiryczny poddano analizie jakościowej i ilościowej (zastosowane procedury statystyczne: współczynnik V-Cramera, test chi-kwadrat, jednoczynnikowa analiza wariancji ANOVA). Uzyskane dane wskazują na pogorszenie sytuacji materialnej i zawodowej co piątej badanej osoby, co dowodzi niekorzystnego oddziaływania pandemii na życie młodzieży akademickiej.
PL
Opracowanie zaprezentowane przez autora testu definiuje podstawowe pojęcia związane z sytuacjami profesjonalnymi pracownika. Kolejne rozważania skupiają uwagę Czytelnika na szczegółowej charakterystyce profesjonalnej pracy pracownika: start zawodowy absolwentów szkół, zmęczenie i znużenie zawodowe, pracę zmianową, współdziałanie i rywalizację zawodową oraz komunikację interpersonalną pracujących.
EN
The study presented by the author of the test defines the basic concepts related to the professional situation of the employee. Further considerations focus the reader's attention on the detailed characteristics of the professional work of the employee: professional start of school graduates, fatigue and weariness, shift work, interpersonal and professional competition and interpersonal communication.
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