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Świat i Słowo
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2022
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vol. 39
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issue 2
469-490
EN
In the course of her research, the Authoress aims to show the fundamental differences in the way the linguistic image of the world is constructed in different languages (here: Polish and Classical Hebrew) at the level of syntactic structures. This component of the linguistic image of the world less frequently constitutes the object of research in the Polish cognitive tradition than, for example, lexis, which is why the Authoress considers the collected phrasemes and the meanings they convey to be particularly worth highlighting. The linguistic material that forms the basis for the research comes from the part of the Hebrew Bible called Nübî´îm, and the syntactic structures themselves are selected from the biblical material with the noun vyai ´iš, which defines man in the Bible as an individual. The structures presented here, built from a combination of the nouns xa', [;re, vyai and the prepositions B., l., l[;, la,, ta,, K. express complex and varied interpersonal relations: there are many images of closeness, cooperation, care, unanimity, but also feuds, conflicts, ruthless struggle and rivalry, with which the history of Israel was marked. Semantically, they complement the linguistic image of the intricate interpersonal relationships portrayed on the pages of the Bible.
EN
The paper is an attempt at a cognitive analysis and description of biblical images of the human being, deeply rooted in the religious system of values, such as the covenant with God, redemption or sanctity, found in various morphemes, lexemes and other expressions of the biblical Hebrew language. The analysis of the Hebrew lexemes used to define the man and the woman, helpful in the reconstruction of the informal ways of thinking of the human being, observed in the Semitic culture, is expected to present a biblical picture of the human being as a living creature (neºpeš), revealing itself in BäSär (a physical component) as well as rûªH (a spiritual component), a creature functioning among other creatures, belonging to their world, but also occupying a particular place in it.
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