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Proportional electoral methods and their consequences

100%
Rulka M.
Studia Prawnicze
|
2010
|
issue 2(184)
135-137
EN
Electoral method is mathematical mode of translating votes on mandates. Electoral method, together with constituencies and electoral thresholds is one of the element of proportional electoral system. In the surveys of proportional system majority of doctrine assume, that deciding influence on electoral outcomes has magnitude and structure of constituencies and amount of electoral thresholds, while electoral method comparing with aforementioned elements has usually minor meaning. Consequences of choosing electoral method can be however very crucial, sometimes becoming even the most important factor deciding which political parties takes power after elections. This fact create tribute to contemplations on mathematical apparatus and consequences of their applying. In doctrine are proposing different proportional methods. One of the best esteem expert of electoral systems Arend Lijphard, consider that proportional methods should be divided on simple transferable vote system, in which voter vote on individual candidates marking his preferences and party list system, which consist of divisor and quota method. In the article was presenting mathematical and political implication of using particular electoral methods. Author points out that contemporary divisor methods are using commonly than quota methods. It’s ensue mainly form it’s simplicity, endurance on antinomies and easiness in tinkering. Large part of consideration regarded to instrumentalization of electoral methods.
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Применение пропорциональной избирательной системы в России на выборах в субъектах Российской Федерации

75%
Тхабисимова Л. А., Шукюрова М. Г.
Studia Politologiczne
|
2014
|
vol. 33
89-127
RU
В данном исследовании рассматриваются вопросы развития основных линий пропорциональной избирательной системы: основных тенденций институализации и совершенствования пропорциональной избирательной системы на выборах в субъектах Российской Федерации, а также степень демократичности выборов, проведенных с ее использованием. Акцентируется внимание на том, что применение системы «закрытых» списков с региональными группами имеет как положительные моменты, так и отрицательные. В работе отмечается, что избирательная система с элементом пропорциональности, должна способствовать установлению в регионах многопартийности, партийно-политической конкуренции, развитию региональных отделений существующих партий в плане их реального функционирования, а также возможности выдвигать в представительные органы власти регионов более подготовленных для этой работы кандидатов.
EN
In this research are considered the main tendencies of an institutionalization and improvement of a proportional electoral system on elections in subjects of the Russian Federation. In work it is noted that the electoral system with a proportionality element, has to promote establishment in regions of multi-party system, the party and political competition, to development of regional offices of existing parties in respect of their real functioning, and also opportunity to put forward in representative bodies of the power of regions of candidates more prepared for this work.
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