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PL
Jednym z czynników decydujących o losach batalii wojennych jest przygotowanie logistyczne. W artykule wyłożono sytuację wojska polskiego w zakresie zaopatrzenia w amunicję, żywność, paliwo, sprzęt i inne materiały w trakcie przygotowań i podczas Bitwy nad Wisłą. Na podstawie literatury, a zwłaszcza dokumentów zgromadzonych w Centralnym Archiwum Wojskowym Wojskowego Biura Historycznego (CAW/WBH) odtworzone zostały warunki w jakich tworzono system zaopatrzenia wojsk w czasie, kiedy trwał odwrót i ewakuacja przed napierającą Armią Czerwoną. Szczególny nacisk został położony na funkcjonowanie kolei, zaopatrzenie w amunicję, oraz przygotowania do obrony przedmościa Warszawy. Niewielka odległość od źródeł zaopatrzenia na pole bitwy oraz dobra organizacja transportu podczas batalii przyczyniły się w wielkim stopniu do historycznego zwycięstwa wojsk polskich.
EN
Logistic preparation is one of the factors determining the fate of war battles. The article presents the situation of the Polish army in the supply of ammunition, food, fuel, equipment and other materials during preparation and during the Battle of the Vistula itself. Based on the literature, and especially the documents collected in the Central Military Archive of the Military Historical Office, the conditions in which the army supply system was organized during the retreat and evacuation in the face of the advancing Red Army were reconstructed. Particular emphasis was placed on the operation of the railway, supply of ammunition, and preparations for defending the outskirts of Warsaw. The short distance between sources of supply and places of fighting, as well as good organization of transport during the battle, contributed greatly to the historic victory of the Polish army
EN
Many ancient writers have written about feeding the Roman army, including Vegetius, Appian, Cassius Dio, Tacitus and Suetonius. Archaeological sources provide interesting data about army provisioning, food supply, the soldier's diet, but also the consequences of eating certain types of foods. Analyzing the remains of consumption and waste, we can reconstruct the diet of soldiers in various corners of the empire and look at their everyday life "from the kitchen". This contribution is an attempt at an introduction on the nature of literary and archaeological sources concerning the food supply and diet of soldiers stationed in several selected places in the empire.
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