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1
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Wyzwania dla państwa prawa - frustracje, oczekiwania, rzeczywistość

100%
Safjan M.
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
|
2010
|
issue 2(12)
5-30
PL
Celem tego wykładu jest próba częściowej odpowiedzi na pytanie, dlaczego w 20 lat po rewolucji 1989 r. jesteśmy społeczeństwem sfrustrowanym, niewierzącym w swoje szanse i pesymistycznie postrzegającym najbliższą przyszłość. (fragment tekstu)
2
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Aktywność innowacyjna polskiej gospodarki w okresie transformacji systemowej

100%
Dworak E., Kasperkiewicz W., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
|
2008
|
vol. 219
PL
Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów
EN
The deep systemic transformation and the Poland's integration with the European Union create new opportunities and impulses for the development of innovation propensity in the economy. The opportunities are connected with gaining a wide access to the achievements of European science and technology. Simultaneously, barriers to the absorption of world technical achievements can appear, which result from structural deformations of the Polish economy and insufficient absorption of innovations by companies. The Polish companies compete in the open European market with the Western companies, which are characterised by a high level of propensity to innovate. The paper considers the innovation activity of the Polish economy and, more specifically, the following problems: a) characteristics of the innovation potential of the Polish economy, b) assessment of the innovative activity of the economy, c) presentation of the Polish innovation system. The paper also evaluates the conditions for stimulating the innovation activity of the Polish economy. It is a difficult task to raise this activity for many reasons, which include: firstly, low financial outlays on research and development in Poland; secondly, low degree of commercialisation of innovations; thirdly, absence of efficient mechanism releasing the propensity to innovate in the economy.
3
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Venture capital w Polsce - od okresu transformacji systemowej po dzień dzisiejszy

100%
Marzena K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
|
2008
|
vol. 219
PL
Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów
EN
Venture capital (VC), called high risk or high chance capital, as financial instrument of capitalistic highly developed countries, has not been recognized in Poland for a long time. The reason of his origin was structural transition of polish economy, which was accompanied by the privatization and necessity of reconstruction of the capital market. Those processes needed financing, and in the role of venture capital was seen. During the last fifteen years the role, the importance and the way of functioning of venture capital market in Poland have been changed. However, always it was visible its positive influence on the entrepreneurship development, creation of stable financial system and on the economy at all. That is why, more often the government and other authorities undertake initiatives which should help to develop this small, but so important, part of capital market. Till the end of 2004, venture capital funds have invested in Poland more than 5,7 mid PLN, financing by this way mainly small and medium sized enterprises. And their investment preferences were very various, as in terms of economy sector, as in terms of size of enterprises. However, the fact is they always invest in enterprises risky, but those who have a big chance to growth. The aim of this paper is presenting fifteen years old history of polish venture capital market, showing how it is look nowadays and introduce perspectives on his development in the future. I will also present in it how, during this time, the structure, the way of operating and the number of institution involved in the venture capital market (mainly venture capital funds) have been changed.
4
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Polski system emerytalny - problemy i próby ich rozwiązywania w latach 1990-2006

100%
Stachera D., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. E.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
|
2008
|
vol. 219
PL
Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów
EN
The aim of the article is to present the changes that were made in Polish pension system in transition period and to indicate their influence on functioning of the pension system. The article places also special emphasis on presenting the weaknesses of the old pension system (running before 1 January 1999) like for example sensitivity to ageing society, political decisions or lack of law transparency. The new pension system was established on 1 January 1999. The system consists of three pillars. Two of them are mandatory and one is voluntary. Starting the new system was an attempt to eliminate problems resulting from the construction of the old system. The pension system no longer encourages to hide income or to retire before reaching the pensionable age. However, only some of the problems were eliminated. The system is still sensitive to manipulations and there are no fixed law regulations.
5
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Górnictwo węgla kamiennego w Polsce w okresie transformacji

100%
Kaczorowski P., Gajewski P., Łódzki U.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
|
2008
|
vol. 219
PL
Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów
EN
Coal mining in Poland plays a special role in both economic and social life. There are historical reasons for this. The mining industry during the communist era, especially in the 1970s, was used by the authorities as an indicator of economic development and a guarantor of economic stability. This was associated with enterprises operating in the industry having a privileged position, which was made manifest by subsidies and special privileges being given to mine workers. The paper surveys the restructuring process of the coal mining industry since the early 1990s. Consecutive restructuring programs are outlined and evaluated with regard to its economic effect and social impact. The authors consider also the spatial dimension of restructuring and give special attention to the role of trade unions in the restructuring process. Some conclusions based on the hitherto experience are also drawn.
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Efektywność procesów prywatyzacyjnych dużych przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych w latach 1990-2004

84%
Stępniak-Kucharska A., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. E.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
|
2008
|
vol. 219
PL
Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów
EN
Changes in the socio-economic system initiated at the beginning of the 1990s affect both the micro- and macroeconomic sphere of economy. Solutions adopted in the stabilisation package, and related to the monetary policy in particular, exerted an enormous influence on enterprises. Price liberation, an introduction of internal convertibility with a currency devaluation, and above all making interest rates real resulted in a deterioration of the economic situation of businesses and forced them to undertake reform actions. One of the most important changes was privatisation of large manufacturing enterprises. The aim of the paper is to assess the economic situation of large public and private enterprises between 1990 and 2004. This analysis should make it possible to respond to the question whether it is private or public enterprises which can better adapt to market mechanisms. The paper presents comparable analyses of the values of the basic profitability, liquidity and debt ratios.
7
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Wpływ rozwiązań oddłużeniowych na poziom zobowiązań publicznoprawnych przedsiębiorstw

84%
Stępniak-Kucharska A., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. E.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
|
2008
|
vol. 218
EN
The transition which began during late nineties and the economic crisis of the end of the 1990s led to the worsening of financial situation of Polish enterprises. Our firms had a lot of problems with their solvency, liquidity and profitability. It forced them to improve and restructure. Unfortunately many firms could not or were not in a position to pass such activities individually. Therefore, the state decided to support firms in their financial restructuring by the use of "soft budgeting". The usage of "soft financing" can adopt two forms. On the one hand, the state supports firms with public resources throwing open them tools of the state aid. On the other hand, the state interferes into market processes to introduce system-tools targeting the relief for firms being found snookered of economic. The purpose of these tools is first of all, making possible for firms to get rid of "bad" (excessive, impossible to the repayment) debts. Since 1990, the state has taken the decision to cancel debts of enterprises twice. The first time it took place was in the early '90s. It comprised resignation from collecting certain taxes, agreements with SSO and the bank, judicial and civil conciliation agreements. Writing off debts was applied for the second time in 2002. This time only debts toward the state (taxes, duties and contributions) were cancelled. The aim of the paper is to assess the tendency of the formation of the level and structures of public liabilities of firms in the years 1990-2003. Additionally the correlation of the public debts of firms and basic financial parameters is analised in the paper. The purpose of this analysis is examining what factors influence the level of liabilities of firms toward the state and checking whether the usage "soft" budget constraints may addict enterprises to state's aid.
8
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Popytowe determinanty procesów inflacyjnych w polskiej gospodarce okresu transformacji

84%
Grabia T., Społeczna Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości i Zarządzania w Łodzi
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
|
2008
|
vol. 219
PL
Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów
EN
The article is intended to test if demand-pull determinants had an impact on inflation in Poland in the period 1989-2003. The paper is composed of four parts. The first part contains a brief discussion of the influence of various economic factors on inflation. Part two presents a detailed analysis of statistical data concerning GDP and its components in Poland in the period of transformation. The main part of the article is contained in the third point, in which the approximate estimate of inflationary gap and potential national income in Poland was presented. The summary and conclusions are formulated in the last part. In addition to this, the author points to the years, in which the demand-pull factors played crucial role in the process of inflation.
9
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Państwo a rynek. Główny dylemat transformacji systemowej

67%
Łukawer E.
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie
|
1999
|
issue 1
75-79
PL
Jednym z zagadnień dyskusyjnych, które spowodowały podział środowiska ekonomistów na zwalczające się naukowo grupy, jest spór o miejsce i pozycję państwa i rynku w funkcjonowaniu gospodarki narodowej. Niektóre poglądy autor naświetlił w artykule.
EN
Among many problems which have emerged during the process of transformation which takes place in our economy, the most important is the dispute about the place and the position of the state and the market, about their "inborn" properties, and about their advantages and disadvantages among others. Assessment made by economists on this issue is totally different. When you take into consideration the authors who stress the value of market economy and its characteristic mechanisms, first of all you should mention the following names: W. Wilczyński, L. Balcerowicz and J. Winiecki. On the other hand, Z. Mikołajewicz, A. Łukaszewicz, the same as P. Bożyk, K. Łaski and J. Pajestka represent a critic standpoint in this field. A similar division is applied when you take into consideration the importance of economic role of the state. Those who would like to lessen its value include: A. Leopold, F. Tomczak, Z. Hockuba, J. Beksiak, C. Józefiak, J. Dąbrowski and J. Winiecki. Less extreme ones, since they clearly see a particular necessity of economic activity of the state includes J. Eysymontt. Whereas S. Kurowski rejects the saying: "The minimum state", and suggests "The sufficient state" as the guideline. And finally - the authors who advertise expansion of the state role in the conditions (what is essential) of system transformation include the following names: M. Klamut, M. Perczyński, H. Sopniewska, B. Winiarski, T. Kowalik, Z. Sadowski, J. Pajestka, A. Łukaszewicz, J. Wierzbołowski, G. Kołodko, J. Kaleta, and W. Sztyber. Thus, the question arises – which is thought over by K. Porwit – what basic requirements should be fulfilled, to bring the opponents together.
10
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Przemiany lokalnych rynków pracy na przykładzie województwa tarnowskiego

59%
Siekierski J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie
|
1999
|
issue 1
13-32
EN
This paper provides analysis of local labour market of Tarnów during the period of economic transformation in 1990-1996. Domestic market has been taken as a point of reference and comparisons. This survey analyses the degrees of economic stimulation of the population; it shows changes applied to a group of people employed on the basis of a contract of employment in the branches of national economy. Besides, it shows the movement of full-time employees (hiring and firing), and the level of registered unemployment. While assessing the latter phenomenon, change tendencies (Beveridge's curve), and dividing of unemployed according to their job seniority, the duration of being unemployed, age and education have been taken into consideration. Surveys, which have been carried out, point to two evident stages of situation being formed on a labour market: in 1990-1993 - negative tendency (employment decrease and unemployment increase) and in 1994-1996 - positive tendency (employment increase and unemployment decrease). In the final part of the paper, some issues of active employment policy have been discussed, the same as prevention and combating of unemployment.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane kwestie przemian lokalnych rynków pracy w okresie transformacji gospodarki w latach 1990-1996 na przykładzie województwa (regionu) tarnowskiego na tle rynku pracy w Polsce. W analizie rynku pracy uwzględniono m.in.: stan aktywności ekonomicznej ludności, zasoby pracy, poziom zatrudnienia i bezrobocia, skutki bezrobocia, przeciwdziałanie i sposoby jego zwalczania, racjonalizację zatrudnienia i stwarzanie warunków do powstania nowych miejsc pracy.
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