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EN
Although anger as a negative emotion is associated with unpleasantness, recent research on anger highlights its motivational effect. The present study tested whether individuals experience both, an unpleasant and an activating affect, after real-life provocations. Results revealed that an anger situation evoked not only typical subjective and cardiovascular anger reactions but also a sense of strength, which is a positive affect. A comparison of participants with low versus high anger disposition according to the STAXI-2 at baseline, treatment, and recovery showed that participants with high trait anger consistently scored higher in subjective ratings of feeling strong than their counterparts did. Moreover, we found a larger and longer lasting effect of feeling strong than feeling angry after an anger treatment. Thus, differences in anger disposition infl uence the positive correlation between trait anger and positive affect.
EN
Objectives The article analyzes the driver’s psychophysiological qualities such as complex reaction and individual ability to control the vehicle that has suddenly lost its stability. The comparative analysis of the duration of reaction time was performed to assess the negative influence of speaking on a phone and driving with one hand. Material and Methods The experimental research was carried out on special training grounds with the road surface having low adhesion coefficient, where sudden lateral vehicle destabilization was caused by the moving plate mounted on the road surface. The vehicle onboard equipment was used for identifying the difference between the destabilization moment and the responsive driver’s steering wheel movement which in this research was assumed as the reaction time. Results Statistical methods of research applied for the analysis of results showed high probability that the driver’s actions would be significantly late in controlling a vehicle. When stabilizing a vehicle movement, the complex reaction time of a vehicle driver speaking on a mobile phone is increased by 18.1% as compared with the conventional driving by a driver not speaking on a phone. Conclusions The risk of using the phone depends on the driver characteristics, traits and attitudes that affect the level of their experienced dangers, and the intensity of using mobile phones and driving. Speaking on a phone while driving increases the driver’s reaction time and mental workload, and changes his or her visual overview ability as well as understanding of the situation. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(5):633–648
EN
This paper explores the subjective psychophysiological research of the so-called subjective audition conducted by the Czech physician and endocrinologist Stanislav Vomela in the 1930s. It examines Vomela’s attempts to analyze his own peculiar experience of hearing what he called subjective music (music heard only by the subject) and introduces the concept of acousmatics Vomela developed to study this kind of auditory perception. Vomela’s methodology is studied against the background of J. E. Purkyně’s understanding of the subjective empiricist methodology of self-knowing in the physiology of the senses and in the context of research into eidetic imagery by E. R. Jaensch and Victor Urbantschitsch.
CS
Tento článek se zabývá subjektivním, psychofyziologickým výzkumem tak zvaného subjektivního slyšení hudby prováděného českým lékařem a endokrinologem Stanislavem Vomelou ve 30. letech 20. st. Zkoumá Vomelovy snahy analyzovat vlastní podivuhodné zkušenosti slyšení toho, co nazývá subjektivní hudbou (hudbou, kterou slyší pouze subjekt) a představuje pojem akusmatika, který Vomela zavedl pro studium sluchového vnímání tohoto druhu. Vomelova metodologie je prozkoumána na pozadí Purkyňova chápání metodologie subjektivní empirie ve fyziologii smyslů, a v kontextu výzkumu eidetických jevů E. R. Jaensche a Victora Urbantschitsche.
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