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EN
Purpose of the article is to show how public services can be outsourced from communities and what legal, organizational or other limitations may have to be taken into account.Methodology used for this article is literature research, analysis and comparison. An in-depth look into the present status of research and literature will be interconnected to the basic research in this matter that has been done from the 1970's to the 1990's.Scientific aim is to show the potential of the process as being important and helpful in creating better community-service and meanwhile relieve the communities from organizational and financial burdens that are more difficult to carry than ever before.Findings are that we have to determine between the different municipal economic activities and the legal basis of these activities. The intervening public-service is a prominent example for the restrictive regulatory system it is set in but also is seen as having a big potential for cooperation and outsourcing by contracting-out. Contrary to that the service-rendering public-service is less regulated and more open to a market approach.There are different spheres for these economic activities to take place. Different reasons for outsourcing depend on the specific sphere a certain task belongs to and can include economic, fiscal and political aspects. Two big groups of tasks are annex-tasks from within the public-service and characteristic public-services. There can be outsourcing by commissioning or by using submissions.With different legal forms of the outsourced entities and the legal limits that are set for every different kind of structure, it is clear that there is no solution that always fits all the needs and that this has to be carefully taken into account.Conclusions are that there is a high potential and big successes when outsourcing is done well planned and as a strategic activity. A number of legal issues and other limitations always has to be respected.
EN
The article presents the market of public-private partnership (PPP) projects/concessions in Poland, as well as the basic differences between PPP and concessions. The main part of the article deals with a thorough analysis of three issues related to the act on concession contract of 2016, in comparison with the act on concession for construction works or services of 2009. These include the regulations that define a concession contract for construction works or services, regulations related to the estimated value of the contract (which makes an important novelty, as regards preparations for projects realisation), as well as transition and final regulations that allow for precise identification of the legal order in the given case. At the end of the article, the importance of the current works on the amendments to the act on PPP is described, with regard to the issues discussed, for public entities that intend to realise a PPP project/concession.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the issues of the implementation of public tasks of the commune within the framework of public-private partnership. The political transformation has intensified privatization processes in the economy of local government. The institution of public-private partnership undoubtedly has a positive impact on local and regional development.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problematyki realizacji zadań publicznych gminy w ramach partnerstwa publiczno-prywatnego. Transformacja ustrojowa nasiliła procesy prywatyzacyjne także w gospodarce samorządu terytorialnego. Instytucja partnerstwa publiczno-prywatnego ma niewątpliwie pozytywny wpływ na rozwój lokalny jak i regionalny.
EN
The article presents deliberations on the impact of public-private partnership on the implementation of the principle of sustainable development in local government units. The theoretical and empirical considerations are based on normative acts, specialist literature and data relating to public-private partnership. The legislator imposes the obligation to perform public tasks on the local government units. They include duties that fall into the category of spatial and ecological order. The statutory obligation results in the necessity to undertake activities dependent on the currently binding law on the one hand, and on the capabilities and needs of a specific local government unit on the other hand. The potential of the local government unit determines the scope and speed of changes. Public-private partnership, as a form of cooperation between a public entity and a private partner, allows a division of tasks and risks between the parties, and thus uses the potential of a private partner and relieves the public body in the field of activities taken over by the private partner. Cooperation in performing public tasks allows implementing the assumptions of sustainable development based on the cooperation of socio-economic and ecological solutions, also in relation to the quality and economic conditions. The aim of the publication is to examine to what extent public-private partnership can contribute to the implementation of the principle of sustainable development in local government units. The study indicates that public-private partnership affects the implementation of the principle of sustainable development by combining process management and control of public tasks in order to prevent and reduce the waste of human resources, raw materials and energy.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu są rozważania na temat wpływu partnerstwa publiczno-prywatnego na realizację zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego. Ustawodawca nakłada na jednostki samorządowe obowiązek wykonywania zadań publicznych, wśród których są także zadania mieszczące się w kategorii zadań ładu przestrzennego i ekologicznego. Obowiązek ustawowy rodzi konieczność podejmowania działań uzależnionych z jednej strony od treści przepisów prawa powszechnie obowiązującego, a z drugiej od możliwości i potrzeb konkretnej jednostki samorządowej. Potencjał jednostki samorządowej determinuje więc zakres i szybkość wdrażanych zmian. Partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne, jako forma współpracy pomiędzy podmiotem publicznym a partnerem prywatnym, umożliwia podział zadań i ryzyk z nimi związanych pomiędzy strony, a więc wykorzystuje potencjał partnera prywatnego oraz odciąża podmiot publiczny w zakresie przejętych przez partnera prywatnego działań. Dzięki współpracy w wykonywaniu zadań publicznych możliwa jest realizacja założeń zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju w oparciu o kooperację rozwiązań społeczno-gospodarczych i ekologicznych, powiązanych także z rachunkiem jakościowo-ekonomicznym. Celem publikacji jest zbadanie, w jakim stopniu partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne może przyczynić się do wdrożenia zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego. Badanie wykazało, że partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne wpływa na wdrażanie zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju poprzez połączenie procesu zarządzania i sterowania wykonywaniem zadań publicznych, w celu zapobiegania marnotrawstwu zasobów ludzkich, surowców i energii.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przestawienie problematyki umowy o partnerstwie publiczno-prywatnym jako formy prywatyzacji wykonywania zadań publicznych gminy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem charakteru prawnego tej umowy. Transformacja ustrojowa nasiliła procesy prywatyzacyjne w gospodarce, w tym w gospodarce samorządu terytorialnego. Umowa o partnerstwie publiczno-prywatnym stała się ważnym instrumentem realizacji zadań publicznych.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the issue of a public-private partnerschip contract as a form of privatization of the performance of public tasks of a commune, considering the legal nature of this contract. Systemic trasformation intensified privatization processes in the economy including the economy of local government. The public private partnership agreement has become an important instrument for the implementation of public tasks.
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