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EN
Rationalism is an attempt to describe the nature of reason and to delimit its scope. All types of rationalism treat reason as a high value not only cognitive but also moral. This article is a short historical synthesis showing certain crucial points in the history of understanding reason and rationality. It also draws some points of evolutionary shifts or revolutionary changes. Reason as logos and reason as ratio, reason of the Enlightment scientism and irrationalism and finally the search for new rationality. The article also poses the question whether the cognitive standpoint, on the ground of which rationalism developed, is fundamental in human life.
PL
W artykule podejmowany jest problem komunikacji między generacjami w ro-dzinie. Tradycja pedagogiczna traktuje dzieci jako tych którzy nie wiedzą, a dorosłych jako wszystko wiedzących. Tymczasem współcześnie wyraźnie widać, że świat dziecka jest inny od świata dorosłych. Dlatego starsi muszą zaakceptować fakt, że ich wiedza i doświadczenie nie muszą być akceptowane przez młodsze pokolenia. Rodzice winni uczyć dzieci raczej tego jak się uczyć, a nie czego się uczyć. Nowa wiedza powstaje w akcie negocjacji między starszymi a młodymi. Konflikty, ale i współpraca oraz wspólnotowe uczenie się znajdują swoje odzwierciedlenie w języku. W tym sensie język ułatwia, ale może też tworzyć bariery w komunikacji. Autor rozpoznaje spotykane bariery i możliwości dialogu w rodzinie.
EN
The main subject being considered in the article is the problem of communication between generations in families. In pedagogical tradition we threated children as non- knowledgeable and adults as knowledgeable individuals. Nowadays, however, the world of children is different to the world of parents. That is why the older generations have to acknowledge that their experiences and knowledge don’ t need to be accepted by the youngsters. Parents should demonstrate their children how to learn rather than what to learn. The new knowledge is the result of compromise between old and young generations. Conflicts, cooperation and community learning can be reflected in the language. In that sense the language may facilitate communication but also create barriers. In the following article the author recognizes prospective interruptions and possibilities in the family dialog.
3
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EN
The starting point for theology consists of philosophy understood as a complex of existential questions on happiness and immortality. Theology seeks reasonable arguments that ought to serve on behalf of God’s answers to existential questions. Thus it is possible to acknowledge reality as its cognitive acts are based on the fact on rationality of faith. Through such a constitutive approach towards religion, theology allows to supplement the academic space with questions with answers that reach beyond the capacity of cognition itself but also touch upon man in man’s own essence. The theological demands to learn the truth provide an appropriate sense to the searches conducted by other branches of science which –when void of the holistic approach towards truth would either fall into epistemo-logical particularism or contribute to creation of ideologies.
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