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1

Acquis Communautaire in the Field of Nuclear and Radiation Safety and Ukrainian Legislation: Prospects and Challenges of Harmonization

100%

Sushyk O.

Studia Iuridica

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2017

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vol. 71

235-247

EN

Since the Chernobyl disaster, special attention is paid in Ukraine to legislation in the field of nuclear energy and radiation safety. A new stage of enhancing Ukrainian nuclear and radiation safety legislation began with the signing in 2014 of the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other. In addition, the Ordinance of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 17 September 2014 on the implementation of the Association Agreement on atomic energy between Ukraine from one side and the European Union, the European Community and its member-countries from another side, provided for the development and adoption of new regulations in the energy sector (including nuclear) in order to implement Directives: 1) Council Directive 2014/87/Euratom of 8 July 2014 amending Directive 2009/71/Euratom establishing a Community framework for the nuclear safety of nuclear installations, 2) Council Directive 2006/117/Euratom of 20 November 2006 on the supervision and control of shipments of radioactive waste and spent fuel, 3) Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom of 5 December 2013 laying down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionizing radiation. Implementation of EU legislation in the field of nuclear and radiation safety will reveal major shortcomings of the current state of affairs and, at the same time, mechanisms to improve Ukraine’s national legislation with the aim of preventing another Chernobyl disaster in the future.

2

Radiation safety of Bulgaria in the contemporary international situation

88%

Dolchinkov N. T.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2016

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vol. 13

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issue 4

3-14

EN

It is known that everything on our planet is subjected to constant exposure from the natural and anthropogenic, earth and space SIR, and is situated in conditions created by natural and technical radioactive Backlight. The ionizing radiations accompany planet life in its diff erent manifestations of all phases of the evolution. The National Automated System for continuous monitoring of the radiation background has 26 local monitoring stations (LMS) covering the whole country, with greater density around NPP ‘Kozloduy’. Radiometric measurements in real conditions, sampling, and analysis are carried out by the Executive Environment Agency (EEA) at the MoEW and radiological control laboratories. A special place in radiation safety is taken by timely detection of radioactive waste and materials that appear in one way or another in the environment.

3

Sources of natural background radiation

88%

Dolchinkov N. T.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2017

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vol. 16

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issue 3

40-51

EN

After the major accidents in “Chernobyl” NPP, located on the territory of present-day Ukraine, and then in the USSR in April 1986, in Bulgaria, as well as in most European countries a lack of systems for a continuous measurement of gamma radiation was reported, which have to provide reliable real-time information on radiation status. Consequently, in the European Union, construction of automated systems for continuous monitoring of gamma radiation has begun. Observations on the state of the radiation background in Bulgaria are carried out in parallel in two ways. A serious problem can cause people to cross a state border in random unregulated places and not at a checkpoint.

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2 Security and Defence Quarterly

1 Studia Iuridica

2 Dolchinkov N. T.

1 Sushyk O.

2 2017

1 2016

Acquis Communautaire in the Field of Nuclear and Radiation Safety and Ukrainian Legislation: Prospects and Challenges of Harmonization

Radiation safety of Bulgaria in the contemporary international situation

Sources of natural background radiation