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EN
This article is devoted to Maria Wiercińska’s work from 1946–1952, when the theatre actress and director focused on radio, first in Łódź and then in Wrocław. It presents the results of research based on Wiercińska’s manuscript listing her radio works of that time and on the script of her radio play Niebezpieczne życie (Dangerous Life, written and first broadcast in 1935 under the direction of Michał Melina), which has not been analysed or published to date. The extant script dates from 1946, when Wiercińska directed the radio play herself (broadcast in 1947). Thanks to the author’s notes and edits, it is possible to reconstruct her understanding and enactment of the principles of performance art in the new medium. These sources, as well as Wiercińska’s correspondence, confirm that radio was her passion, showing the place of radio work in her artistic output and the influence of her experience in recitation on her work with the microphone. The perspective of micro-history enables a thorough examination of this form of Wiercińska’s work, casting light on this somewhat forgotten figure. The article broadens the knowledge about women who co-created Polish theatre in the 20th century.
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EN
Ingmar Bergman, in addition to producing a large number of films, also worked for the theatre and in radio. All of his activities were intertwined and influenced one another. The paper outlines Bergman's traces in radio with an emphasis on Czech radio production. It reflects the biographic readings, monodrama, dialogic plays as well as more extensive plays which, thanks to their intimate setting, the intensity of relationships among characters and meaning, correspond to the character of Bergman's late work. Relying on the analyses by Jess Kalin and radio theoreticians Martin Shingler and Cindy Wieringa, the authors look into the imaginativeness of Bergman's plays with a particular focus on the dimensions of silence and words.
Pamiętnik Literacki
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2023
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vol. 114
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issue 3
137-153
PL
Tematem artykułu jest dramaturgia radiowa Idy Fink – jednoaktówki „Stół”, „Ślad” i „Opis poranka”. Odwołując się do kategorii pamięci jako fundamentu literatury holocaustowej, badacz przekonuje, że pisarka eksplorowała pamięć wypartą, zindywidualizowaną i esencjalistyczną. Za najważniejszą cechę twórczości Fink uznaje ironię położenia, wyrażającą sytuacją autorki podczas niemieckiej okupacji. Podkreśla także głosowy wymiar jej dramaturgii, a analizowane sztuki traktuje jak partytury muzyczne. Kluczowy głos należy w nich do kobiet, zwłaszcza w partiach retrospektywnych. Autor artykułu przekonuje, że podstawową strategią pisarską Fink było odsłanianie indywidualnych dramatów ofiar masowej Zagłady w przeświadczeniu, że tylko tak można ocalić człowieczeństwo ludzi poddanych nieludzkiej eksterminacji.
EN
Ida Fink’s dramatic one-act radio plays—“Stół” (“Table”), “Ślad” (“Trace”), and “Opis poranka” (“Morning Description”)—are made subject of the article. Referring to the category of memory seen as a fundament of Holocaust literature, the researcher formulates the argument that the writer explored denied, individualised and essentialistic memory. He also recognises the irony of placement that expresses the authoress’s situation during the German occupation as the most crucial feature of Fink’s writing. Additionally, he emphasises the vocalic dimension of the dramas, and sees the pieces under analysis as musical scores where the key voice belongs to women, especially in retrospective parts. The author is likewise convinced that Fink’s fundamental writing strategy is disclosing individual tragedies of mass destruction victims in the belief that the approach she adopted proves to be the only one that might save humanity exposed to inhuman extermination.
EN
The objective of this study is to theoretically define and distinguish between a radio play and radio production. Hence the first part of the paper characterizes the individual components of a radio production (speech, music, sound and silence), its performativity and its basic building block — the acoustic situation arising out of the interaction between the acting and the sound production. In the next section the radio production is considered as a sound composition (by theoretical passages on montage and time and space phenomena) and finally the historical roots of this radio work are also referred to. The second half of the study focuses on the radio play, which it endeavours to analyse primarily on the basis of its relationship to the theatre play. The study then goes on to examine both the structural elements and the types of radio plays and the secondary processes involved in the creation of this literary work: adaptation and dramatization.
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL
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2017
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vol. 60
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issue 2
373-387
EN
Jerzy Szaniawski was undoubtedly a great radio playwright. His dramas, such as Adwokat i róże / The Attorney and Roses/, Ptak /The Bird/, Żeglarz /The Sailor/, Zegarek /The Watch/, Służbista /The Official, teem with elements that are essential for a radio play. In his works, Szaniawski aimed at full generalisation of the theme, place and time. He pictured the souls of his characters and clearly portrayed their psychological delineation. Szaniawski started his cooperation with radio in 1935 with his play The Watch. Due to his exceptional artistic sensibility he was able to integrate into his works the elements which are crucial for a radio play. These are, primarily, audio elements, dialogues and narratives that are present in all his dramas, retrospections, which appear only in three plays: The Attorney and Roses, The Official and The Watch, as well as reticence and understatements employed in Attorney and Roses and The Watch. All of the above mentioned elements aim at stimulating the listeners’ sense of hearing and consequently creating the represented world in their imagination.
PL
Jerzy Szaniawski, znany także jako „Milczek z Zegrzynka”, niewątpliwie – parafrazując wypowiedź Gombrowiczowskiego profesora Bladaczki – wielkim dramaturgiem radiowym był. Jego dramaty, takie jak chociażby Adwokat i róże, Ptak, Żeglarz, Zegarek, Służbista, obfitują w elementy niezbędne dla sztuki radiowej. Szaniawski w swoich dziełach dążył do maksymalnej uniwersalizacji tematyki, miejsca i czasu. Ukazywał duszę swoich bohaterów, wyraźnie zarysowywał ich portrety psychologiczne. Dramaturg współpracę z radiem rozpoczął Zegarkiem w 1935 roku. Pisarz wykazywał niezwykłą wrażliwość artystyczną, dzięki której z wyczuciem wkomponowywał w swoje dzieła elementy niezbędne do powstania słuchowiska. Są to przede wszystkim elementy dźwiękowe, akustyczne, dialogi oraz relacje, występujące we wszystkich dramatach, retrospekcje, zastosowane wyłączne w trzech utworach – Adwokat i róże, Służbista i Zegarek, oraz niedomówienia i niedopowiedzenia, które autor wplótł w dramaty Adwokat i róże oraz Zegarek. Wszystkie z wymienionych elementów budujących słuchowiska radiowe służą pobudzeniu zmysłu słuchu odbiorcy, a co za tym idzie, budowania świata przedstawionego w jego wyobraźni.
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