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Projekt koncepcyjny systemu zagospodarowania wód opadowych dla osiedla jednorodzinnego

100%
Suchanek-Gabzdyl E.
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering
|
2022
|
vol. 3(23)
1-9
EN
The aim of the research was to create a draft concept for the management of rainwater from the area of a single-family housing estate through the use of retention and infiltration systems with the possibility of collecting rainwater on the surface or under its surface. These systems include: a storage reservoir, an absorbent trough, a rain garden, an infiltration basin, drainage boxes and root boxes. All devices have been designed in such a way that they harmonize with each other and create an extensive system of blue and green infrastructure, without overloading the sewage network. The amount of rainwater was also calculated and the planned devices were designed and dimensioned. The devices located in the estate were arranged in such a way that they could intercept water from every part of the drained area. They can hold a total of nearly 46.5 m3 of water at the same time. This gives a very high efficiency of operation in terms of protection of surface waters and retaining them at the place of their formation. Thanks to such a high absorbency of the devices used, the estate is able to work like a sponge. The accumulated water from the drained catchments is mostly drained directly into the soil profile. This has a positive effect on maintaining the appropriate quality and high level of groundwater. Water, infiltrating into the ground through drainage layers, undergoes natural pretreatment, limiting the migration of organic and mineral micro-pollutants. The applied infiltration allows to increase the efficiency of groundwater intakes without reducing their level excessively, and its maintenance is necessary to ensure an appropriate composition of these waters. Oxygenated water infiltrating the aquifer, which contains iron and manganese compounds, can oxidize sulphides to sulphates and dissolve ferric and manganese sulphates. This means an increase in costs and an extension of the purification and treatment process of the abstracted waters. The planned infiltration and retention system is of a landscape nature. It is related to the shape and development of the land surface and the directions of its use. At the same time, the systems used do not take up much space on the ground surface, give the impression of being natural, thanks to which the area around the buildings has become more attractive in terms of aesthetics and functional.
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Wody opadowe i roztopowe na terenach zurbanizowanych : Racjonalne gospodarowanie zasobami wodnymi

80%
Rączkiewicz A., Wanic P.
Kontrola Państwowa
|
2021
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vol. 66
|
issue 4 (399)
113-122
EN
The audit conducted by NIK, dedicated to management of rainwater and meltwa ter in urban areas, shows that, despite climate changes and the consistently lowering level of groundwater, a strategy for management of water from atmospheric precipi tation has not been developed to date. The activity of the Polish Waters State Holding (Polish: Państwowe Gospodarstwo Wodne Wody Polskie) related to the management of such waters, has not been systemic and mainly comprised its statutory tasks such as, among other, judicature related to issuing legal permissions and, what is more, in the majority of the audited entities irregularities have been found. Investments relat ed to management of rainwater and meltwater in urban areas were mostly realised by local self-government units, and they were mostly aimed at preventing local floods and permeations due to violent downpours. Only some cities dealt with possibilities to manage rainwater and meltwater and introduced incentives to encourage residents to collect and use this kind of water. The audit also showed that some cities channelled rainwater andmelt water without legal permissions, and unduly met their obligations to collect charges for reducing natural retention. Insufficient cooperation among local self-government units and the organisational units of the Polish Waters State Holding further reduced the effectiveness of the system of charges set forth in the law on water, which had been aimed to encourage lower channelling of rain water and melt water, and to introduce solutions to ensure natural retention preservation.
PL
Zachodzące zmiany klimatyczne i systematyczne obniżanie się w Polsce poziomu wód gruntowych nie skłoniły podmiotów odpowiedzialnych do opracowania jednolitej strategii dotyczącej zagospodarowania wód pochodzących z opadów atmosferycznych, która określałaby cele i konieczne do podjęcia działania. Efektywne gospodarowanie w miastach takim zasobem wciąż nie jest w Polsce zjawiskiem powszechnym. W wyniku zaniechań znaczna ilość wód opadowych i roztopowych nie jest w ogóle wykorzystywana. W 2017 r. dokonano zmiany ustawy – Prawo wodne aby przeciwdziałać ich marnotrawstwu. Wprowadzone rozwiązania miały zachęcać do zmian w sposobie gospodarowania wodami, a także racjonalnego wykorzystywania. Kontrola NIK wykazała, że tak się nie stało.
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