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Przyczynienie się poszkodowanego do powstania szkody a współczesne tendencje ochrony poszkodowanego

100%

Wilejczyk M.

Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego

2018

vol. 27

issue 1

147-175

The article criticized the purely causal concept of contributory negligence that is dominant in the Polish doctrine. Studies have shown that the view of the redundancy of the victim’s fault for stating his contributory negligence is in contradiction with the norms adopted in the legislation of other countries and the provisions contained in international projects (PETL, DCFR). The purely causal concept of contributory negligence is thus a deeply inaccurate view, and also too harsh and unjust for the victim. The article also contains a polemic with the practice commonly adopted in the Polish law, consisting of taking into account the contributory negligence of minors and reducing their compensation. This practice is unacceptable in the light of regulations discussed in the article that are in force in other countries, where the possession of the tortious capacity is a precondition necessary for stating the victim’s contributory negligence. In addition, the article discusses contemporary trends, which are increasingly appearing in foreign legislation, and which involve weakening or even eliminating the defence of the victim’s contributory negligence. It turns out that the premise of the victim’s contributory negligence does not only have to involve fault, but also in many cases, for the reduction of compensation to really take place, it needs to be qualified (intentional, gross negligence). This is particularly justified when the tort liability is based on risk, the responsible person has civil liability insurance, and the victim has suffered serious personal injury.

The Commentary on the Supreme Court’s Judgment of 18 March 2014, I CSK 295/13, Concerning a Reduction of Compensation Due to the Minor

63%

Chmielnicka P.

Studia Iuridica Lublinensia

2017

vol. 26

issue 2

This commentary refers to the assessment of the situation in which there are grounds conditioning the reduction of compensation due to an underage, who contributed to the injury, and because of his age is not responsible, and is it possible when required by the principles of community life – to apply by analogy Art. 428 of the Civil Code. The author agrees with the Supreme Court, that in the factual situation of the case it can be applied by analogy with the said provision.

Glosa dotyczy problemu oceny, w jakiej sytuacji zachodzą przesłanki warunkujące obniżenie odszkodowania należnego małoletniemu, który przyczynił się do powstania szkody, a ze względu na swój wiek nie ponosi odpowiedzialności, oraz czy można, gdy wymagają tego zasady współżycia społecznego, stosować przez analogię art. 428 k.c. Autorka podziela pogląd SN, że w sytuacji faktycznej przedmiotowej sprawy można stosować przez analogię wspomniany przepis.

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1 Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego

1 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia

1 Chmielnicka P.

1 Wilejczyk M.

1 2018

1 2017

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Przyczynienie się poszkodowanego do powstania szkody a współczesne tendencje ochrony poszkodowanego

The Commentary on the Supreme Court’s Judgment of 18 March 2014, I CSK 295/13, Concerning a Reduction of Compensation Due to the Minor