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EN
The paper focuses on an interactional cognitive model of linguistic meaning (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 1987, 1996) and a re-conceptualization of an original SL message as received by the TL addressee in an SL to a TL communication (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 2010). Meaning is assumed to be constructed and emerge with the flow of discourse, forming a blended entity, which combines, in the case of monolingual communication, context-bound meanings as perceived by an author and the addressee. In the case of translation, the blended outcome exploits elements of TL and SL as well as the subjective properties of language users' mental models. Types of communication in terms of its depth, i.e. aproximative communication, aligned communication, and particulate communication are shown to be present in different acts of translation (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 2010a). Re-conceptualization is a matter of degree. As the linguistic message consists of both conceptual-semantic content as well as the way this content is construed, properties of message construal contribute to its overall meaning. Re-conceptualization of a monolingual message is basically influenced by the content subjectivity and context, a message in translation on the other hand is constrained by content, and in some cases, form similarity, or resemblance between the SL and TL message. The notion of resemblance is crucial for the discussion and undergoes particular scrutiny in terms of its parameters. It is also widely constrained by the context of use in which a message and its translated verion(s) are to function. A set of similarity criteria and scales of resemblance parameters are proposed as an essential contribution to translation theory and practice.
PL
Autorka podejmuje pytanie o miejsce idei człowieczeństwa w kryzysie nowożytnego humanizmu. Kwestię tę rozważa w kontekście obrony przez filozofię idei człowieczeństwa przed zagrożeniami wynikającymi z modernizmu jako kultury „postludzkiej”. Warunkiem obrony jest zrozumienie i interpretacja współczesnego dyskursu społecznego i kulturowego oraz przezwyciężenie błędnych propozycji filozoficzno-antropologicznych humanizmu modernistycznego. Nowy program humanistyczny, odwołując się do „intuicji granicy”, miałby wyznaczać horyzont „ogólnoludzkich znaczeń”. Idea człowieczeństwa powinna przekształcić się z metafizycznej w permanentnie refleksyjną oraz zasadniczo dyskursywną.
EN
The author takes up the question of the place of the idea of humanity in the crisis of modern humanism. This issue is contemplated in the context of defending by the philosophy of the idea of humanity against the threats posed by modernism as a „posthuman” culture. The condition of defence is the understanding and interpretation of contemporary social and cultural discourse and the overcoming the false philosophical-anthropological proposals of modernist humanism. The new humanistic program, referring to the „intuition of limits”, would be define the horizon of „universal meanings”. The idea of the humanity should turn from the metaphysical into a permanent reflective and fundamentally discursive.
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