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Zabytkowe okna : metody badań i konserwacji

100%

Lewicki J.

Ochrona Zabytków

1998

issue 3

273-293

The acceleration of the rate of the damage of historical window woodwork and the exchange of old solutions for new ones (caused by the appearance of plastic windows) induced the author to analyse all methods which could prove useful in the analysis (research) and conservation of historical windows. The first part of the examination considers the window as part of an monument of architecture and its material structure. Subsequently, the author distinguishes and discusses undertakings used in research concerning historical windows: nondamaging research (an analysis of historical and iconographie sources) and damage-incurring research which encompasses an analysis of the material structure of a building. The next stage of reflections describes proper conservation inventory (the most suitable scale and course of measurement and photographic inventory as well as the manner of description). The author lists all the criteria which should form a basis for an analysis and assessment of windows (the window as an inseparable part of the architecture of buildings, the historical window associated with the elevation of the interior of a building, the uniqueness of the stylistic features of the window, the state of preservation, the possibilities of repair and adaptation to contemporary norms). Attention is also drawn to the problem occurring in highest standard historical monuments, namely, the reconstruction of the earlier form of windows in place of the removed original later solutions (nineteenth- and twentiethcentury) as well as the exchange of historical windows for plastic ones. The author analyses problems connected with the recreation of colour. A summary discusses the conservation of old windows, emphasising the need for their documentation and the necessity of current care and repair of damaged solutions. Only the latter can protect against damage and will assist the retention of the majority of historical windows.

Nowe okna w obiektach wpisanych do rejestru zabytków lub w budynkach znajdujących się na obszarach objętych ochroną konserwatorską

72%

Mączyński D.

Ochrona Zabytków

1998

issue 3

294-311

Contemporary window woodwork comprises single frame windows made of PVC, glued wood or aluminium. They are glazed with two- or three-layer panels which can possess additional properties: they are able to, e.g. protect the interior against overheating, the loss of heat or burglary. The new windows have an extremely simplified detail. They constitute thin divisions with certain measurements of frames and other construction elements, which are, as a rule, wider than similar parts in traditional double wooden windows. An uncritical application of modern windows in historical objects can lower the aesthetic merits of the historical elevation by obliterating the original, harmonious solutions. The author of the article maintains that particular instances permit the usage of modern windows in old buildings, but that such windows must be selected precisely and individually for a given object. New windows are tighter, a feature which denotes the necessity of conducting other forms of work, rendering possible a proper utilisation of the interiors. Generally speaking, control concerning the exchange of windows remains unsatisfactory. Furthermore, it is necessary to embark upon a dialogue between conservators and woodwork producers in order to obtain solutions serving the realisation of joint goals.

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2 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Lewicki J.

1 Mączyński D.

2 1998

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Zabytkowe okna : metody badań i konserwacji

Nowe okna w obiektach wpisanych do rejestru zabytków lub w budynkach znajdujących się na obszarach objętych ochroną konserwatorską