The chronological system established by Paul Reinecke played a significant role in developing a chronological classification of the Hungarian Bronze Age. However, the relative chronology which is currently being used for the Early and Middle Bronze Age by the majority of Hungarian scholars is based on István Bóna’s tempo ral sequence. Although Bóna’s relative chronology is still regarded as the ‘lingua franca’ in Hungary, several attempts have been made to synchronise Bóna’s relative chronological system of the Hungarian Bronze Age with the Reinecke scheme in the last two decades. The present paper compares the two relative chronological systems and highlights some common cornerstones, supported by the most recent AMS 14C dates from the Carpathian Basin.
The nineteenth century marked the emergence of Polish archaeology in terms of defining time and the continuity of past events reconstructed based on material sources. The article offers an account of the changing perception of time in Polish prehistoric archaeology during the nineteenth and early twentieth century while assessing the impact of specific contemporary discoveries and archaeological studies on attempts at chronology and periodisation of prehistoric time. These discoveries broadened the knowledge of the continuity of events that took place within particular prehistoric ages and periods. As a result, the previously accepted “short” chronology of prehistoric times had been lengthened, and an evolutionary model replaced the biblical image of human time.
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