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PL
Artykuł jest poświęcony krytycznemu podsumowaniu wiedzy na temat przedchrześcijańskiej religii Słowian postrzeganej przez pryzmat dostępnych źródeł.
EN
A figurine made of copper alloy discovered in the area of Tymawa, Gniew commune, during the search with metal detector, perfectly fits into the horizon of this type of finds from the early Middle Ages. The specimen discussed in the text has features of uniqueness in terms of the form in which the animal was depicted, and the closest analogies are the complex of artefacts from the north-west Slavic territory, which are presented in this text. Further analogies, signaled in the text, come from the territory of Poland and broader from the Baltic Sea basin. All of them allow us to date the artefact probably to the 10th-11th century and associate it with Slavic settlement. The analysis of the function and meaning of the artefact presented in the text is directed towards symbolic and religious interpretation. The figurine was probably associated with the high status of divine horses, known from temple complexes described in a few written sources. It seems that it is possible to try to link this category of artefacts with deities associated with the sphere of prosperity and trade, in the type of Trzygław - Weles, in which worship horses played a significant role.
EN
The first part of the article is devoted to a discussion of Aleksander Gieysztor’s research on the religion and mythology of the Slavs. It discusses the sources of his inspiration (among others the works of Georges Dumézil on the original beliefs and mythology of the Indo-European peoples, the Romans and the Germans; the Parisian ‘Annales’ school) and the achieved results, e.g., the reconstruction of the pantheon of the original Slavic deities. In the second part of the paper, the author reinterprets Gallus Anonymous’ account of the founding of the Piast dynasty.
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