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Creative life story work with seniors

100%
EN
We summarize the theoretical background and basis for creative activities focused on the life story work with the seniors as realised in “Centrum MEMORY“, Bratislava, Slovakia. Older adult clients with various levels of cognitive functioning could benefit from the combination of creative and reminiscence activities. The importance of creativity and its benefits in senior life is outlined and emphasized
EN
The article is devoted to the study of Sterne’s reminiscences in the novel The Letters of a Russian Traveller by Karamzin. They are studied as a globally organized artistic system, linked with the concept of English literature, shaped in Karamzin’s works between 1780 –1790, as well as with the writer’s thoughts on other philosophical and aesthetic problems. «Sterne’s plot» in the novel The Letters of a Russian Traveller by Karamzin develops together with other plots, whose cooperation formed a forward-looking dynamic poetic manner of narration in the book.
PL
The aim of the paper is to analyze Franz Liszt's piano interpretations that constitute excellent operatic transcriptions and reminiscences from the operas of Gaetano Donizetti. There are seven piano works based on six of Donizetti’s operas, among them bar-for-bar transcriptions of particular fragments as well as masterly syntheses of many musical themes. We try to argue that Donizetti was an inspiration for Liszt and that the Hungarian composer was not only an eminent connoisseur and admirer of bel canto, but also made an important contribution to the rediscovery of Italian opera. These transcriptions are an excellent example of a sincere tribute from one great composer to another; they highlight some of the treasures among Donizetti’s compositions, as well as the talent of the author of the transcriptions.
EN
Aim. The study explores the importance of culture of reminiscence with its identificational and integrational potential for the society and the ways that culture of reminiscence is applied within cultural institutions by means of cultural education. Methods. We used several scientific methods such as relational and content analysis, observation, induction and heuristics. Results. The research study summarises the role of cultural institutions within the culture of reminiscence and outlines various forms of reminiscence to be observed in cultural educational programmes. It explains the potential of cultural institutions and the roles they play within collective commemorating. It has interdisciplinary and applicational character and includes practical tips for cultural managers and cultural educators. Conclusion. Collective memory is an important condition for reproduction of culture and cultural identities. Individual memory is determined by social and cultural contexts (reference to Maurice Halbwachs´s social frames of memory). Cultural education naturally works with the notions of collective memory, traditions, identity and reminiscence. At the same time, it resembles a tool by means of which cultural identity, character and collective memory of individuals and social groups can be consciously shaped. Beside identificational context, there is also a prospective integrational and inclusive potential of cultural education. Several forms of reminiscence are applied within cultural education: reminiscence as reconstruction; reminiscence as (re)interpretation; reminiscence as creation; reminiscence as prevention and civic involvement; reminiscence as a tool of forming cultural identity; reminiscence as an expert reflection.
EN
The importance of revising as a means of providing thorough learning and preserving knowledge and skills is grounded; the main studies on the problem mentioned above are analyzed; psychological conditions of organizing revising in primary education are revealed in the article. Memory as the result and the condition of mentalprocessing of new educational material on the basis of the analysis of the memory psychology literature is characterized in the article; the structure and content of the psychological processes providing memorizing, preserving the learned material, reproducing and forgetting are considered in detail as well. Revising is not limited to one function, as it is a complicated psychological process that includes perceiving, thinking, memory, which is associated with pupils’ feelings, will, interests and capacities. The factors promotingrapid and lasting memorizing of the information on the basis of research analysis are presented in the article. Taking into account that memorizing is realized through special mnemonic activities, the article deals with the role of mnemonic techniques aimed at: remembering the educational material, increasing the memorizing and reproducing speed; improving the accuracy of memorizing and reproducing; providing memorizing and preserving effectiveness, the probability of the correct memorizing and reproducing. The analysis of the data of the research experimental stage leads to the conclusion about the necessity to support active pupils’ thinking activities with the help of selecting specific exercises and tasks activating different kinds of memories – involuntary and voluntary. Under such conditions an effective basis for the effective using of revising during the educational process is created. The analysis of the psychological foundations of revising gives reason to emphasize the necessity of considering the peculiarities of development of cognitive processes in the organization of repetition. The perspective direction of the research is defined in the article which involves creating the model of supporting the functions of revising the learned material during various stages of gaining the knowledge by primary pupils taking into account the processes that are at the core of the revising mechanism.
EN
The article focuses on the analysis of notions of reminiscence and nostalgia through the example of Claude Lorrain’s marine paintings. Unlike the Arcadian landscapes of his contemporary Nicolas Poussin, these often do not evoke concrete myths, but inspire less obvious reminiscences in the viewer. Lorrain’s paintings can be conceived therefore as allegories of nostalgia, a category that the article approaches with the help of that of Nothing. It aims to show that it is through the particular light effects that Lorrain’s landscapes and marine paintings suggest a sense of timeless and nostalgic reminiscences to the viewer.
EN
The article deals with the absorption of Nikolai Gumilyov’s poetics and biographical legend in Vladimir Nabokov’s short story “Port”. The great importance of Gumilyov’s works and personality for the emigre writer makes it possible to classify Nikitin, the protagonist of the story, as a heroic type, whose features go back to the mythologized image of Gumilyov. The author of the article argues that the plot of the story displays semantic similarities with Gumilyov’s poem “Conversation”. The analysis of the two works allows one to discover further possible parallels with Gumilyov, which are actualized in the structure of the story (in motifs and imagery). The author comes to the conclusion that such forms of borrowing are on the part of Nabokov a conscious artistic strategy.
RU
В статье рассматриваются элементы поэтики и биографической легенды Николая Гумилева в рассказе Владимира Набокова Порт. Значение личности и творчества лидера акмеистов для писателя-эмигранта позволяет отнести главного героя рассказа Никитина к героическому типу, черты которого восходят к мифологизированному образу Гумилева. Высказывается предположение, что сюжет рассказа содержит смысловые переклички с гумилевским стихотворением Разговор. Анализ двух произведений позволяет обнаружить другие подтексты Гумилева, которые актуализируются в мотивной и образной структуре рассказа. Делается вывод, что обращение к наследию старшего поэта является сознательной установкой автора.
8
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Pamiątka

38%
PL
Historia rozumienia terminu w języku polskim rozpoczyna się od znaczeń synonimicznych wobec ‘pamięci’, upamiętnienia’ i ‘wspomnienia’. W ciągu stuleci zakres semantyczny stopniowo ewoluował w kierunku współczesnego uzusu, eksponującego materialne konotacje wyrazu: pamiątka oznacza rzecz, która odnosi do przeszłości. Pojmowane w ten sposób, pamiątki można podzielić na pamiątki rodzinne, pamiątki narodowe, relikwie, trofea, upominki i pamiątki turystyczne. Do tego szeregu należy włączyć – jako osobne kategorie – pamiątki medialne, które są rezultatem kommemoratywnego urzeczowienia przekazu, i pamiątki korporalne, dotyczące trwałych zmian na ciele (tatuaże, blizny itp.). Każde z tych ujęć umieszcza pamiątkę w kontekście czasu, przeszłości i pamięci. Dana rzecz może być charakteryzowana jako pamiątka tak długo, jak długo podtrzymuje emocjonalny stosunek do przeszłości. Ogólnie rzecz biorąc, pamiątki należą do porządków pamięci osobistej i zbiorowej, mogą też przemieszczać się między nimi. Znaczy to ponadto, że w odpowiednich okolicznościach pamiątki mogą wędrować z kategorii do kategorii, na przykład niektóre banalne suweniry mogą wraz z upływem czasu nabrać wartości i stać się szacownymi pamiątkami rodzinnymi; z kolei niektóre pamiątki rodzinne mogą awansować do rangi czcigodnej pamiątki narodowej.
EN
A history of meaning of the term (in Polish) starts with synonymous significances to ‘memory,’ ‘commemoration’ and ‘reminiscence.’ Over the centuries the semantic scope was gradually evolving to the contemporary use exposing material connotations of the word: a keepsake means an object that refers to the past. Comprehended in this way, keepsakes might encompass family heirlooms, national memorials, relics, trophies, gifts (donated „in memory”) and tourist souvenirs. One should include to this enumeration – as relatively separated categories – medial keepsakes that are results of commemorative reification of a message and corporal keepsakes that relate to permament changes in body (tattoos, scars, etc.). Every approach places a keepsake in a context of time, past and memory. A stuff has the characteristics of a keepsake as long as it takes an emotional attitude to the past. Generally, keepsakes belong to orders of private or collective memory and can move between them. It also means that in appriopriate circumstances keepsakes can migrate from category to category: e.g. some of trivial souvenirs can increase their value in time and became estimable family heirlooms; in turn some of family heirlooms can be promoted to the status of venerable national memorial.
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