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Towards the maintenance nature of the legitim? Some comments on the new Polish regulation

100%
Załucki M.
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
|
2023
|
vol. 32
|
issue 1
13-26
EN
The system of protection of persons close to the deceased in contemporary succession law is one of the major dilemmas. This is because the rights of those close to the deceased interfere with one of the most valuable values developed in succession law over the years: the freedom to dispose of property upon death. Any new solution from a particular country that addresses this issue may prove interesting for the ongoing development of substantive law in individual countries. For this reason, the author presents the new Polish solutions, which have been in force since 22 May 2023 and which change the Polish legitim system fundamentally. The aim of the article is to first assess the changes introduced and to present them to the foreign reader.
2

Ochrona spadkobierców, uprawnionych do zachowku oraz wierzycieli w razie wskazania uposażonego w umowie ubezpieczenia na życie

67%
Kucharski B.
Prawo Asekuracyjne
|
2015
|
vol. 1(82)
47-63
PL
Artykuł omawia dwa zagadnienia rzadko poruszane w literaturze. Pierwsze dotyczy zaliczania uposażonemu sumy ubezpieczenia lub składek ubezpieczeniowych na poczet należnego mu zachowku oraz doliczania ich do spadku jako darowizny na potrzeby rozliczeń z uprawnionymi do zachowku. Zdaniem autora, art. 831 § 4 k.c. nie wyklucza poglądu, że zaliczeniu na poczet należnego uposażonemu zachowku, ewentualnie doliczeniu do spadku na potrzeby rozliczeń ze spadkobiercami podlegają składki ubezpieczeniowe w części, w jakiej dotyczą one ryzyka śmierci. Drugie zagadnienie dotyczy ochrony wierzycieli ubezpieczonego w przypadku wskazania uposażonego w ubezpieczeniu na życie. Autor twierdzi, że wierzyciele ubezpieczonego niekiedy mogą wykorzystać skargę pauliańską, by zaskarżyć umowę ubezpieczenia, porozumienie między ubezpieczającym a ubezpieczonym przerzucające na tego ostatniego ciężar płacenia składek, ewentualnie zmianę przez ubezpieczającego jego wcześniejszej dyspozycji wskazującej go jako uposażonego na wypadek śmierci ubezpieczonego.
EN
The article discuss two questions rarely mentioned in literature. The first question refers inclusion of insurance sum due to the beneficiary of life insurance or insurance premiums for reserved portion the latter is entitled to in case of succession and for the needs of his accounts with other persons entitled to the reserved portion. According to the author article 831 § 4 of Civil Code does not exclude the opinion that the insurance premiums referring the risk of the insured death may be included in the reserved portion due to the beneficiary of insurance or may be included in the estate for the needs of his accounts with other persons entitled to the reserved portion. Second question refers protection of others creditors in case of designation of beneficiary in life insurance. The author says that creditors of the insured may sometimes use actio pauliana to make ineffective towards them the contract of insurance or the agreement between the name insured and the insured transferring the burden to pay the premiums on the latter. Possibly they may use actio pauliana to make ineffective towards them the change by the name insured of his earlier disposition making him the beneficiary in case of the insured death.
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