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EN
This essay analyses and reflects upon the numerous intra- and intertextual references in Oswald Egger’s long poem “Herde der Rede” (1999). The recourse to prior literary models in terms of surprising reversals of form and content, self-quotations as well as reversals of his own figures of speech are counted among Egger’s distinctive poetic strategies. Alert − like a widely open ear – to voices from different religious and poetical traditions, the text perceives, integrates and plays with different poetic registers and language worlds (such as the Song of Solomon, the ancient Corpus Hermeticum, Hesiod, Vergil, Hölderlin, Rilke …). “Herde der Rede” is a highly dialogic and polyphonic text (in the sense used by M. M. Bakhtin). Ultimately, quotations, repetitions and reversals become strategies of a poetic discourse which uses literary and religious traditions as subtexts for a metapoetic speech.
EN
The article deals the possibility of applying Vladimir Propp’s, basically anthropological idea of “the inverted ritual” to the interpretation of certain plays by William Shakespeare, particularly Hamlet. The said inversion concerns three rituals: the sacrificial ritual, where the passive and obedient victim suddenly rebels, or at least becomes difficult to control (which is the case, for example, of Ophelia in Hamlet); of the initiatory ritual, where the apparently benevolent master of the characters initiation is shown as a monster (which can be exemplified by Claudius, Hamlet’s uncle); and of the matrimonial ritual, where the theoretically loving husband (more rarely wife), or lover, is revealed as a highly malicious and unpredictable creature, an example of which can be Hamlet himself. The article makes use of the work of such critics as G.K. Wilson, Harold Bloom, Vladimir Propp, René Girard, and Mircea Eliade.
EN
The study investigates the mean reversion in 1-minute EURUSD. Intraday patters in FX seem of particular interest as more and more trades in the FX market are automated high frequency trades (HFT). The study reveals that the mean reversion is present in the intraday EURUSD. ADF test rejects unit root. The average of the deviation of EURUSD from its (moving) mean is close to zero. Furthermore when short and long positions are simultaneously open, the average maximum return achieved through 24 hour period is similar, providing yet another evidence for mean reversion and lack of weak form of market efficiency.
Res Rhetorica
|
2016
|
vol. 3
|
issue 4
70-84
EN
This article investigates gender role reversal in the feminist revisionist Western fi lm by exploring the notion of reversal (peripeteia). First, it demonstrates features of classical Western on the example of John Ford’s The Searchers (1956). It establishes genre’s reliance on gendered binary opposites i.e. civilization/wilderness, individual/community, passive/active, and draws attention to language. Then it analyzes how these fundamental conventions are changed in more recent films and what do differences signal rhetorically. Distinction is made between The Missing (2013) with its clear focus on reversal of generic features associated with dominant masculinity, and The Ballad of Little Jo (1993) which addresses critical concepts of agency, gaze, and performative aspect of gender.
PL
W niniejszym studium autorka bada odwrócenie ról płciowych w westernach określanych jako feministyczne i rewizjonistyczne, powołując się na Arystotelesowską perypetię. Podstawą analizy są cechy klasycznego westernu ukazane na przykładzie „Poszukiwaczy” (1956) w reżyserii Johna Forda. Przywołane zostają typowe dla gatunku nacechowane płciowo przeciwieństwa, tj. cywilizacja/natura, jednostka/wspólnota, bierny/aktywny bohater ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem języka. Analiza kluczowych konwencji gatunkowych w nowszych filmach i ich retorycznego znaczenia pozwala na skontrastowanie dwóch podejść. Podczas gdy film „Zaginione” (2003) skupia się przede wszystkim na odwróceniu gatunkowych tropów i konwencji kojarzonych z męską dominacją, „Ballada o małym Jo” (1993) zajmuje się kwestiami aktywnej podmiotowości, kategorią spojrzenie, performatywnością gender.
PL
W dzisiejszych nihilistycznych czasach wartość życia często mierzy się użytecznością. Niniejszy artykuł rzuca wyzwanie takiemu podejściu, odwracając uwagę od tego, co jest nam dane, aby skupić się na tym, jak to otrzymujemy. Czerpiąc inspirację z teologicznej tradycji ikony, omawiam, jak możemy rozumieć to przesunięcie jako "przemianę spojrzenia". Wnikliwe studium aktu modlitwy przed ikoną ujawnia, jak możemy nabyć szczególny sposób patrzenia, co z kolei ma implikacje dla sposobu, w jaki rozumiemy życie.
EN
In this nihilistic age, the worth of life is often measured by utility. This paper challenges such an approach by turning attention away from what is given to focus on how we receive it. Drawing inspiration from the theological tradition of the icon, I discuss how we can understand this shift as a “transfiguration of vision.” A close study of the act of prayer before the icon reveals how we can gain distinct manner of seeing, which in turn has implications for the way we understand life.
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