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EN
Pontificale Plocense from the 12th-century is one of the first Polish pontificals entirely preserved to this day. Among liturgical ceremonials, there is a rhymed officium about St. Catherine of Alexandria. Its music bears some explicitly characteristic features of the late Middle Ages monody. A condensed musical style reveals a departure from the initial esthetic assumptions and it presents another possibility of performing the Gregorian chant. This officium, apart from following the compositional principles prevailing in Europe at that time, provides evidence that the Middle Ages were also an era seeking new forms of expression.
PL
Pontificale Plocense z XII w. jest jednym z pierwszych, kompletnie zachowanych rodzimych pontyfikałów. Zawarte w nim obrzędy „Depositio Crucis” i „Visitatio Sepulchri” oraz procesja rezurekcyjna należą do najstarszych misteriów na ziemiach polskich. Wśród 85 obrzędów liturgicznych znajduje się oficjum rymowane o św. Katarzynie Aleksandryjskiej. Jego muzyka nosi wyraźne cechy monodii późnego średniowiecza, o czym świadczą cechy stylu postgregoriańskiego. Skondensowany styl muzyczny zdradza odejście od pierwotnych założeń estetycznych i ukazuje inną możliwość kształtowania chorału gregoriańskiego. Oficjum to stanowi nie tylko odwzorowanie obowiązujących w ówczesnej Europie zasad, ale jest dowodem tego, iż średniowiecze było epoką poszukującą nowych form wyrazu.
DE
Pontificale Plocense aus dem 12. Jh. ist eines der ersten vollständig erhaltenen einheimischen Pontifikalen. Unter den liturgischen Riten gibt es das Reimoffizium zu Ehren der Hl. Katharina von Alexandria. Seine Musik trägt die charakteristischen Merkmale einer Monodie des späten Mittelal- ters. Diese entspricht gut hinein in Europa geltenden Grundregeln der spätmittelalterlichen Ton- kunst. Die untersuchte Matutin ist ein Beleg daf ü r, dass das Mittelalter auch in der Musik keine statische Epoche war, sondern die K ü nstler immer nach neuen Ausdrucksformen gesucht und diese auch verwirklicht hatten.
EN
The liturgical cult of Saint Florian in the Cracow Church was developing rapidly in medieval times. A few dozen years after his relics had been brought to Cracow , a native patron – Saint Stanislaus- became a saint. Since then the cult of a foreign and unknown martyr deteriorated. The revival of Saint Florian’s cult was possible under the influence of Zbigniew Oleśnicki, a bishop who appointed him as patron saint of the whole Polish Kingdom, thus making him equally important as Saint Adalbert, Saint Stanislaus and Saint Wacław. Since that time the liturgical cult of Saint Florian was of high significance, which can be certified by liturgical texts and formulas found in Cracow medieval breviaries. The analysis of their content leads to the conclusion that the older the breviaries, the fewer texts mentioning Saint Florian. The oldest breviaries contain only the liturgical collect referring to him. The newer ones are gradually enriched with the elements of choral liturgy and lessons originating from the legend about Saint Florian. Between the 15th and 16th centuries the liturgy in honor of Saint Florian culminates in the rhymed office.
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