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Przerywanie ciąży – rozważania w świetle orzeczenia Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie K 1/20

100%
Szudejko P.
Studia Prawa Publicznego
|
2022
|
issue 1 (37)
61-83
EN
The article presents the issues of legal regulation of termination of pregnancy in the context of the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court (CC), in particular the ruling in the case K 1/20.The discussion opens with an analysis of models of abortion practices regulations, as well as the solutions adopted in the Polish legal system, with a short historical introduction. It is emphasized how important is the issue, which results from the fundamental differences in worldviews between the supporters and opponents of the permissibility of the practice of termination of pregnancy, which is expressed in the name given to this medical practice.The right to life as an element of the human rights system is discussed, both in terms of international law and the provisions of the Polish constitution.Next, the Polish provisions on the admissibility of termination of pregnancy are presented along with a historical outline, with particular emphasis on the ruling in the case K 26/96. Based on the above discussion, the resolution in the case K 1/20 was discussed, in which the CC found the so-called embryopathological premise for termination of pregnancy to be incompatible with Polish Constitution. A polemic with the justification of the decision is presented, including the errors of interpreta-tion committed by the CC with regard to the constitutional and international form of the right to the protection of life. It is indicated that in the Polish legal system only the right to protection of life exists, not the right to life, which is referred to both by the CC and most of the doctrine.Despite the fact that this resolution does not remove the norm from the legal system, the author draws attention to the practical consequences of issuing it, in particular the occurrence of the so-called ‘chilling effect’ and unjustified activity of the law enforcement authorities.The final part of the article presents conclusions on how to legally regulate the termination of pregnancy.
2
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Lex coronavirus. Włoskie prawo w walce z pandemią

99%
Urbaniak M.
Studia Prawa Publicznego
|
2020
|
issue 1(29)
9-26
EN
An epidemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been existed in Europe and worldwide for several weeks now. On 11 March 2020, the WHO declared it a global pandemic. At the time of writing, Europe, in particular Italy, is the largest outbreak of coronavirus. Italy is attempting to tackle the virus with increasingly drastic legal measures. On 31 January 2020, its Council of Ministers declared a state of emergency related to the sanitary risk of coronavirus infection. Italy has started the fight against the virus using two legal instruments: the first is the Council of Ministers’ declaration of a six-month state of emergency on 31 January 2020, and the second is a decree-law (decreto legge) issued by the Prime Minister temporarily restricting the freedom of movement throughout the state. In exceptional cases, the Italian Government has the right to issue normative legal acts. Recent legislative acts issued in Italy have undoubtedly limited the fundamental rights granted by the Constitution of 1947. These limited rights include the right of movement, but also freedom of assembly, the right to work, freedom of economic activity and freedom of conscience and religion. As a result of the legal solutions introduced, fundamental human rights are subject to justifiable restrictions in order to protect the constitutionally guaranteed right of the community to health care. In situations of epidemiological threats, protecting the lives and health of citizens is essential. Any restrictions on rights and freedoms are intended to protect these goods. However extensive these restrictions may be, in a democratic state this must be introduced under strict control and for a specified period of time linked to the duration of an epidemic.
3
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Glosa do Wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego Republiki Kolumbii z dnia 26 kwietnia 2017 r., sygn. akt C-246/17

86%
Pogłódek A., Stachowicz A.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2022
|
issue 2(169)
197–213
EN
This paper studies the case law of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Colombia of 26 April 2017 (Case C-246/17) which interpret the capacity of the minor to give informed consent to aesthetic medicine and plastic surgery treatments, as well as participation of such person in campaigns promoting this type of treatments. In this case, the Court first decided that the ban on aesthetic medicine and plastic surgery procedures for minors should not be applied to adolescents over 14 years of age who, due to their level of development, are able to participate together with persons having parental authority in the decision-making about the risks involved in such procedures and are able to consent to the procedure in an informed and qualified manner. The Constitutional Court also finds that the prohibition on participating in campaigns promoting cosmetic medicine clinics and the treatments carried out there, which applies to persons aged between 15 and 18, is a proportionate and effective restriction. In this way, the legislator achieves constitutionally legitimate objectives, i.e. discouraging treatments that may expose the health of a minor to unnecessary risks and reducing gender stereotypes regarding a certain canon of beauty. In assessing this ruling, the article examines the concepts of: “free development of personality”, “right to privacy”, “informed consent to medical treatment” of minors, as well as “legal moralism” and “paternalist measures”. To this end, a dogmatic method was used by reviewing the case law of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Colombia, and the results obtained were presented through a descriptive method. In the conclusions, attention is drawn to the consistent doctrine existing in the Court’s jurisprudence relating to the concepts.
4
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Karta Polaka a prawo do ochrony zdrowia i dostęp do świadczeń opieki zdrowotnej

72%
Sadowska M.
Studia Polonijne
|
2019
|
vol. 40
33-45
PL
Karta Polaka jest dokumentem potwierdzającym przynależność do Narodu polskiego. Jednocześnie przyznaje jej posiadaczowi określone uprawnienia i przywileje, z których może korzystać podczas pobytu w Polsce. Obowiązujące przepisy prawa uprawniają posiadaczy Karty Polaka między innymi do korzystania z bezpłatnych świadczeń opieki zdrowotnej, udzielanych niezwłocznie, w stanach nagłego zagrożenia zdrowotnego. Tym samym ustawodawca realizuje w praktyce konstytucyjną zasadę ochrony zdrowia, rozumianej jako prawo do zachowania życia i jego ochrony, gdy jest ono zagrożone. Jest to prawo podstawowe, wynikające z przyrodzonej i niezbywalnej godności człowieka, którego nie można kwestionować, a ani w żaden sposób ograniczać. W niniejszym opracowaniu omówiona zostanie zatem relacja Karty Polaka do problematyki realizacji prawa do ochrony zdrowia i dostępu do świadczeń opieki zdrowotnej, z uwzględnieniem opieki w okresie ciąży i okołoporodowej. Rozważania zostały oparte na stanie prawnym aktualnym na dzień 16 sierpnia 2019 r.
EN
The Pole’s Card is a document confirming belonging to the Polish Nation. At the same time, it grants its owner specific rights and privileges that he or she can use during their stay in Poland. The current law entitles holders of the Pole’s Card to, among others, benefit from free and immediate healthcare services provided in an emergency. Thus, the legislator implements and puts into practice the constitutional principle of health care, understood as the right to care for a person’s life and protecting them when they are threatened. This is a fundamental right that results from man’s inherent and inalienable dignity, which cannot be questioned or limited in any way. This report will, therefore, discuss the relationship of the Pole’s Card to the issue of exercising the right to health protection and access to health care services, including pregnancy and perinatal care. The considerations were based on the current legal status as of August 16, 2019.
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