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1

Neo-liberalne reformy szkolnictwa wyższego na Tajwanie – w kleszczach sukcesu

100%

Marchlik, P., Tomaszewska-Pękała H.

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

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2016

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issue 4(242)

137-155

EN

Higher education has become one of the key elements in building a competitive advantage for today’s knowledge-based economies. Universities are no longer just places traditionally associated with the transmission of knowledge but must also increasingly respond to the processes of marketisation and commercialisation. We observe dynamic social changes in higher education: the increase in the number of people studying at university level, flexibility of studying and learning programs, competing for students as a result of demographic processes, the risk of unemployment and competence mismatch among fresh graduates have become major challenges for universities. In this paper I will briefly discuss the neoliberal reform of higher education in Taiwan. In the last two decades, this small country in the Pacific Ocean has experienced extremely dynamic changes in the functioning of their higher education system and has become an important player in the global education market.

2

Importance and dimensions of ESL in Poland – school staff’s perception

88%

Marchlik P., Tomaszewska-Pękała H.

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

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2016

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vol. 61(4 (242))

156-169

PL

Early school leaving (ESL) is an issue of serious concern of the European Union as one of the factors contributing to youth unemployment, poverty and low educational achievement (Commission of the European Communities 2001: 39). In Poland, however, the phenomenon is not perceived as a problem or a major challenge for the Polish education system for the future. Poland, having one of the lowest ESL rates among EU countries (about 5%), is mentioned among the countries which are already achieving the EU benchmark 2010 of less than 10% of ESLers (GHK 2005: 7). The theoretical approach (called: multilevel or tripartite approach) applied in the RESL.eu project assumes that the falling out of education is a complex process, which has as its core three levels of overlapping factors: the individual, the institutional and the structural/systemic ones. In this article we look at how the phenomenon of early school leaving is perceived by the staff of upper secondary schools in Warsaw. We present the results of analysis of individual interviews with principals, teachers, psychologists and pedagogical counsellors which took place in four schools situated in Praga and Targówek districts. We argue that the staff from upper secondary schools, explaining the determinants of ESL, stress the significance of the micro level factors, referring to their everyday experiences in working with students experiencing school failure, or focus on the systemic/macro level factors and emphasise the shortcomings of the Polish education system, seeking possible sources in its deficiencies. Whereas the factors of the institutional, that is school level, are dismissed as relevant aspects that may help to explain this phenomenon.

3

Psychospołeczne predyktory zachowań ryzykownych dzieci i młodzieży

63%

Grzegorzewska I.

Rocznik Lubuski

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2014

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vol. 40

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issue 1

29-42

PL

Zachowania ryzykowne są nieodłączną częścią dorastania psychicznego człowieka. W okresie przypadającym na lata między 10 a 20 r.ż. lokuje się bardzo szczególny proces związany z kształtowaniem się tożsamości jednostki. Na skutek zamian, jakie dokonują się w tym czasie w psychice, młodzi ludzie posiadają wyraźną potrzebę określenia własnego Ja, co zazwyczaj odbywa się poprzez mniej lub bardziej ostrą konfrontację ze światem dorosłych. Zachowania problemowe mimo swojego rozwojowego charakteru często w sposób bardzo negatywny wpływają na zdrowie fizyczne i psychiczne młodych ludzi. Dużym problemem społecznym staje się agresywność, eksperymentowanie ze środkami odurzającymi czy też picie alkoholu przez młodzież szkolną. Wiedza na temat czynników chroniących, czynników ryzyka i ich interakcji stanowi podstawę dla rozwijania skutecznych metod ograniczania zachowań ryzykownych w okresie dojrzewania. Celem prezentowanych badań była ocena czynników ryzyka i czynników chroniących zachowań problemowych/ryzykownych, a także dynamiki ich rozwoju w ciągu trzech etapów edukacyjnych. Przedmiotem badań były zachowania ryzykowne oraz psychospołeczne czynniki chroniące i czynniki ryzyka uwzględniające wpływy rówieśnicze, rodzinne, szkolne, środowiskowe i cechy indywidualne jednostki. Badaniami objęto 540 uczniów w trzech grupach wiekowych: szkolnym, wczesnej i późnej adolescencji. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na wyraźną dynamikę między czynnikami ryzyka i zasobami w cyklu życia dzieci i młodzieży.

EN

Risk behaviours are an indispensable part of mental ’growing up’ of a human. Between the age of 10 and 20, a very particular process related to the formation of individual identity takes place. As a result of mental changes happening at the time, young people possess a strong desire to determine their own ’I’ what is usually done by less or more acute confrontation with the world of adults. Problem behaviours, in spite of their evolving nature, often influence physical and mental health of young people in a very negative way. Aggressiveness, experimenting with narcotic drugs or alcohol use by school students is becoming a great social problem. The knowledge of protective factors and risk factors, and their interaction provides the basis for the development of effective methods of reducing risk behaviours during puberty. The goal of presented research was the evaluation of risk factors and protective factors of problem/risk behaviours as well as the dynamics of their development in the course of three educational stages. The subject of the study were risk behaviours, protective psychosocial factors and risk factors taking into account the influence of peers, family, school, environment and individual features of a person. The study involved 540 students in three age groups: school, early and late adolescence. The obtained results indicate distinct dynamics between risk factors and resources in the lifecycle of children and adolescents.

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2 Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

1 Rocznik Lubuski

2 Tomaszewska-Pękała H.

1 Grzegorzewska I.

1 Marchlik P.

1 Marchlik, P.

2 2016

1 2014

Neo-liberalne reformy szkolnictwa wyższego na Tajwanie – w kleszczach sukcesu

Importance and dimensions of ESL in Poland – school staff’s perception

Psychospołeczne predyktory zachowań ryzykownych dzieci i młodzieży