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Wizerunek Niemców w polskich obrazach filmowych okresu transformacji ustrojowej

100%
Okoński K.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2021
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vol. 65
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issue 2
23-41
PL
In Poland, the changes started with the Round Table talks and June elections, and in the GDR with the fall of the Berlin Wall. They gained momentum with the transformation of the Polish People’s Republic into the Republic of Poland and the accession of the German Democratic Republic to the Federal Republic of Germany. These processes were reflected in literature, film, music, and even computer games. Artistic attempts to face the new reality acquired a special dimension in Germany, where the term “breakthrough literature” appeared. The international success of such productions as The Lives of Others or Goodbye, Lenin! indicates the great interest of German film directors in the subject as well. Similar attempts were made in Poland. Films appeared in which German characters – refugees from the GDR, businessmen, tourists, regime officials, or criminals – were presented in connection with the native heroes (usually in the background). An analysis of these characters allows us to look at the Polish experience of the last thirty years from a different perspective and to make a certain relativization of the changes that have occurred in Poland. In accord with Marcin Kula’s concept, the author treats selected films as “historical memory carriers” and analyzes the image of Germans in films created during the political transformation in Poland or in films that concern this period: Psy (Dogs, directed by Władysław Pasikowski), Dwadzieścia lat później (Twenty Years Later, directed by Michał Dudziewicz), Sauna (directed by Filip Bajon), Obcy musi fruwać (The Foreigner Must Go, dir. Wiesław Saniewski), Yuma (dir. Piotr Mularuk) and Wróżby kumaka (Call of the Toad, dir. Robert Gliński).
2
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Rok 1989 z perspektywy przedstawicieli klasy politycznej

100%
Karkowska M.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2021
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vol. 65
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issue 2
63-87
PL
This article is an attempt to reconstruct the perceptions of 1989 of members of parliament who had a key influence on the systemic changes. The author traces the similarities, differences, and transformations of their narratives on this subject. The article is based on interviews conducted as part of two studies (the first was conducted in 1994–1995, the second in 2018–2020) with the same seven leading Polish politicians from the ruling and opposition political groups. The author describes both studies, with an explanation of the methodology and an analysis of the collected material. Both are presented from the perspective of a researcher belonging to this generation of sociologists, for whom the materials from the first study have become mainly a historical source and were the basis for the work involved in the second research project. The analysis focuses on the similarities and differences in interpreting themes at two points in time, for instance, perceptions of 1989, descriptions of the political elite and its relationship with society, and ways of presenting the phenomena generally referred to as “the transformation.”
3

Polski rok 1989 w perspektywie czechosłowackich dzienników opiniotwórczych

100%
Marcinkowski D.
Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne
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2019
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vol. 26
100-110
EN
The main goal of this article is to show the image of the most important Polish political actions in 1989 through the prism of Czechoslovak opinion-forming daily press: Rudé právo and Mladá fronta. The author is focused on the analysis of materials generally connected with the deliberations of the Round Table, as well as the Polish legislative election on 4 June. It is desirable to disclose the way of presenting of the most important actions in Poland by the Czechoslovak press in that period, which we have mentioned above. The author also tries to de­termine how acute was the attention of the press to the Polish events that had taken place during those times. The newspapers, that are analysed, were controlled by Czechoslovak Rule and they were medium of its current views. According to this fact we could emphasize one of the elements in the sphere of the official relations be­tween Poland and Czechoslovakia in relation in the year 1989. We could also reconstruct the Polish situational image which was presented to Czechoslovak citizens by the Czechoslovak authorities.
4
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Reforma szkolnictwa zawodowego po 1989 r. na przykładzie Zespołu Szkół Tekstylno-Handlowych w Żaganiu

100%
Śliwak K.
Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk
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2014
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issue 4
463-469
PL
W artykule autorka krótko przedstawiła historię szkolnictwa zawodowego, pierwszych jej prób reform w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego. Z uwzględnieniem sytuacji polityczno-gospodarczej na Ziemiach Zachodnich po drugiej wojnie światowej, na przykładzie konkretnej placówki oświatowej, szkoły średniej o profi lu zawodowym – Zespołu Szkół Tekstylno-Handlowych w Żaganiu autorka krótko scharakteryzowała historię placówki wraz z kierunkami kształcenia oraz unaoczniła jak przemiany gospodarczo-polityczne roku 1989 wpłynęły na funkcjonowanie szkoły o profilu włókienniczym. Na koniec opisała jakie działania zostały podjęte przez władze polityczne, oświatowe, aby profi l kształcenia szkoły był adekwatny do możliwości gospodarczych Żagania.
EN
In the article the author presents the history of vocational education, the first attempts to reform in the post-war period, taking into account the political and economic situation in the Western Territories after World War II with the example of a particular educational institution, the school-professional profile of the School of Textile and Trade in Sagan. The author characterizes the history of this institution, together with the directions of education as were revealed as political-economic changes, of 1989 affecting the functioning of the textile school profile. At the end she describes what action has been taken by the political, educational, vocational school profile as adequate for economic opportunities in Sagan.
5
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OSTATNIE MIESIĄCE. UWAGI O SYTUACJI W PZPR PO WYBORACH W CZERWCU 1989 ROKU

71%
Jabłonowski M.
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL
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2014
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vol. 57
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issue 3
45-56
EN
In the political system of Peoples’ Republic of Poland, Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) for more than four decades has played a key role in all areas of country’s policy. In the end of the 80’s, as a result of changes in Poland, fractures within the Party deepened. They were a result of differences in understanding of the requirements for, the scale and pace of reforms both in the party and the country. The article follows the last few months of functioning of PZPR when, after the June ’89 elections, a deep division within the party took place. Consequently it has been dissolved during the 11th Congress, fated by, inter alia, crisis of confidence in own arguments, strength and own leaders. This moment is a major key in the process of destruction of political system, that has been functioning in Poland since 1940’s.
PL
W systemie politycznym PRL PZPR przez ponad cztery dekady odgrywała kluczową rolę we wszystkich sferach polityki państwa. W końcu lat 80., w wyniku zachodzących w Polsce procesów, podziały wewnątrz PZPR pogłębiały się. Wynikały one ze zróżnicowanego rozumienia potrzeb, skali oraz tempa reform tak w partii, jak i w państwie. Artykuł przybliża ostatnie miesiące funkcjonowania PZPR, kiedy to po wyborach w czerwcu 1989 roku nastąpił w niej głęboki podział. W efekcie na XI Zjeździe została rozwiązana, o czym przesądził m.in. ogromny kryzys zaufania we własne racje, siły i kierownictwo ugrupowania. Moment ten stanowi istotny element w procesie destrukcji systemu politycznego funkcjonującego w Polsce od lat 40. XX wieku.
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