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EN
Audience development, or building and developing ongoing relationships with audiences of cultural events, is a quite new perspective in the Polish context. It assumes a permanent dialogue with one’s audience in order to study and diagnose its needs as well as to provide for a greater diversification and a deeper exploration of the very term ‘audience’ along with its interpretation. In Poland many examples may be found of different types of cultural and artistic activity, both institutional and less formal, which try to encourage people in urban and rural areas to be more engaged in community practices. Cultural institutions and places continue to evolve as their environment changes and new paradigms of ‘participation in culture’ are developed. In order to include new groups of viewers – non-professionals whose symbolic/cultural resources might prove insufficient to decode certain works of art – it is necessary to offer them a new language and a programme that will accommodate for new problems and topics. This article presents a critical discussion of ‘audience building/development’, while pointing to differences and similarities between this concept and the idea of neo-institutionalism.
EN
This article attempts to define a new field of creative practice: theatre pedagogy. Operating at the intersection of education and theatre, it is a new sphere that combines artistic activity with promoting culture. The author outlines the framework of practice in Polish theatre pedagogy, referring both to its Polish precursors and places (sources) where 21st-century theatre pedagogues can look for knowledge and practical inspiration. So far not many articles have been published that would address this topic. However, as the idea continues to spread in Poland, it is high time to fill this gap by studying this phenomenon more thoroughly.
PL
Howard S. Becker (1982) i Vera L. Zolberg (1990) wskazali na pojawienie się nowej publiczności jako jednej z głównych sił napędowych zmian w praktyce artystycznej, w której instytucje sztuki odgrywają ważną rolę w zapewnianiu doświadczeń zarówno estetycznych, jak i edukacyjnych, ale mogą też spotkać się z krytyką dotyczącą ekskluzywności i takiegoż budowania środowiska partycypacyjnego. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie współczesnych relacji muzeów i galerii sztuki z ich odbiorcami, z uwzględnieniem roli, jaką odegrało pojawienie się nowej socjologii sztuki, socjologii muzeum oraz rozwój publiczności, kwestionujących rolę muzeów jako instytucji społeczno-kulturalnych nastawionych na demokratyzację kultury. Posługując się badaniami empirycznymi, które zrealizowano w wybranych instytucjach sztuki w Czechach i Polsce, poddam namysłowi, jak młodzi zwiedzający postrzegają instytucje sztuki w świetle ich niedawnych dążeń do stania się inkluzyjnymi platformami zdobywania wiedzy o sztuce, które promują i ułatwiają aktywne uczestnictwo, a nie bierną konsumpcję.
EN
Howard S. Becker (2005 [1982]) and Vera L. Zolberg (1990) suggested the advent of new audiences to be one of the main common motors of change in artistic practice, where art institutions play an important role in delivering both aesthetic and educational experiences, but can also be criticized for persistent exclusivity and for how they create a participatory environment. The aim of this article is to examine the present-day relationship of art museums and galleries with their audiences while taking into account the role played by the advent of a new sociology of art, museum sociology, and the audience development, with all of them questioning the role of museums as socio-cultural institutions focused on the democratization of culture. By employing empirical research conducted in selected art institutions in the Czech Republic and Poland, I will examine how young visitors view art institutions in light of their recent quest for becoming the inclusive platforms of gaining knowledge about art, which promote and facilitate active participation rather than passive consumption.
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