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Městský veřejný prostor: interpretativní přístup

100%

Pospěch P.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2013

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vol. 49

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issue 1

75-100

EN

his article presents a theoretical discussion of the concept of public space with respect to its multidimensional nature, its normativity and historicity, and its relationship to private space. Based on de Certeau’s distinction between place and space, public space is analysed as a phenomenon transcending the material reality of a city. It is argued that public space is established in the process of interaction between the social reality of the city on the one hand and its regulative processes on the other. The former refers in particular to the phenomenological duality of urban public places, which are perceived as attractive and threatening at the same time. The latter includes internal and external processes of behavioural regulation. Following the classic works of Goffman and Lofland and current research on urban civility and interaction, it is argued that internal regulation establishes an ‘urban order’ that governs the rules of interaction and behaviour in the urban public space. In conclusion, an interpretative approach to the urban public space is suggested. In this view, the public space, while physically framed by the city’s material reality, is itself a process of constant production and reproduction of shared meanings attached to places. As a shared stock of knowledge, it is also subject to learning and ongoing negotiation.

2

Tożsamość czynu jako podstawa różnicowania mechanizmów redukujących odpowiedzialność karną

88%

Giezek J.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

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2017

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vol. 43

107-129

EN

Our starting point is the view, well grounded in the dogmatics of criminal law, that the separation of a criminal off ence as an entity judged from a legal standpoint is based upon both ontic and normative criteria. On the one hand, the basis for an act, anchored in reality, is the behaviour of a subject, on the other hand, what part of it we consider a single object of legal judgement is decided by the legislator. The situation becomes more complicated whenever the judgement of a particular part of a subject’s behaviour is determined by the realisation of the features of at least two prohibited acts. The criteria of unity of an act — apart from full or partial identity of time, in which at least two sets of features of prohibited acts are realised, are highly vague. One could probably refrain from searching for them, has it not been for the fact that the presence of a single act — or multiple acts — is the basis for the currently binding model of reduction mechanisms. If those mechanisms were to rationalise criminal liability, the basis of their use should consist of entirely normative criteria, based, for example, on those that we use for objective ascription of the result. A model of mechanisms of this kind could be determined by the quantity and quality of the violated rules of conduct, or, to use a diff erent phrase, the multiplicity of sources of risk generated by the subject. A positive consequence of such rearrangement could be the possibility of abandoning the concept of an act as an object of legal judgement, selected from the continuum of behaviour, with a precisely determined timeframe.

3

Zur Pragmatik von Fachsprachen am Beispiel der „Anstandsliteratur“

75%

Ernst P.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2022

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issue 21

89-100

EN

Specialized languages make special demands on linguistics. Originating in the 1960s and 1970s, there is still no general consensus on the content and methods of technical language research. Current research designs combine systems linguistic, cognitive and pragmatic approaches. In terms of system linguistics, the main focus is on vocabulary; cognitive is the basis of knowledge about the real world and its linguistic coding; pragmatics looks at the circumstances of communication. This paper addresses this problem by examining the text type “decency literature” more closely. This type of communication is subject to special conditions in that a “teacher” passes on his or her competencies on etiquette to an interested target group. In addition to a book for a general audience, the technical language component is particularly emphasized by the choice of three subject-specific propriety teachings (explicitly for use in law firms, management consultants and trainees). All of them operate under the name „Knigge“, which is the reason to combine them into one corpus. The analysis shows that the four works differ considerably from one another. They do not use any special vocabulary or idiosyncratic syntactic structures, but very well different communication conditions. With the exception of the general work, it is more of a „career guide“ rather than a code of behavior. Nevertheless, they can be referred to as technical language in a cognitive and pragmatic sense, since they deal with a specific “subject”. However, they do not represent a closed system in that they are open to innovations and specific suggestions from the authors. The “compliment” is only mentioned explicitly in one work. In this sense, they are not only map fields of action, but also construct part of social reality yourself through their suggestions.

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1 Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

1 Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

1 Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

1 Ernst P.

1 Giezek J.

1 Pospěch P.

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1 2013

Městský veřejný prostor: interpretativní přístup

Tożsamość czynu jako podstawa różnicowania mechanizmów redukujących odpowiedzialność karną

Zur Pragmatik von Fachsprachen am Beispiel der „Anstandsliteratur“