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1

Cities in Bengal. Space for nationalistic emotions

100%

Moroń M.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2016

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issue 40

301-318

EN

The European concept of nationalism became a useful instrument in creating new identities of peoples of South Asia. In Bengal, traditional identities were given political dimensions, and a number of emotion building symbols, narrations, invented traditions and characteristics of the land, were employed to attract the people to the idea of a particular nationalism. The role of cities in creating the nationalisms of Bengal is discussed in the present paper. The examples of Dhaka, Kolkata and Murshidabad are considered on the one hand, whereas on the other there is an attempt of a comparison between the role of these three cities and the influence of the countryside and the rural landscape of Bengal in appealing to the sentiments of Bengalis in their nationalistic discourse. Conclusions are submitted for further considerations.

2

Vernacular architecture and traditional rural landscape in new socio-economic realities - a case study from Central Poland

88%

Gorączko M., Gorączko A.

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

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2015

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vol. 30

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issue 30

43-58

EN

The article presents the results of the research survey of the old rural constructions in the Koło Basin (Central Poland) and its closest vicinity, conducted by the authors in the period 2011-2013. From the beginning of the 19th century until the late 1960s, the population of that region tended to use for construction limestone, instead of wood which for centuries was the most common building material on Polish lowlands. Using the local deposits of limestone, excavated near Rożaniatow village, various structures were built, with the parts of the building most endangered by degradation made of ceramic bricks (for corners and window/door frames) or glacial erratics (for wall base), thereby forming structures with specific architectural and aesthetic features, unique to that region. The survey was conducted in 165 villages of the region, cataloguing more than 2,000 such structures - residential buildings, farm facilities, industrial buildings. Many of these buildings display a similar elevation style of same-coloured stones, making them one of the most specific elements of the landscape. The analysed area, just like the majority of rural Poland, is currently undergoing socio-economic changes which started in the 1990s and intensified after Poland joined the European Union. Changes in production profiles and farm sizes, migration of rural population to cities or countries of Western and Northern Europe, and progress of suburbanization are some of the main factors which trigger significant changes in the settlement network of the country. This is the right moment to assess whether the traditional solutions applied in the rural construction of the Koło Basin are worth modern application or whether they are only an element of cultural heritage valuable just from the historical perspective.

3

Use of renewable energy carriers in development of the region of Eastern Slovakia

75%

Polák M., Petro Ľ.

Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie

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2011

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issue 1(17)

161-169

EN

One of the key factors of agricultural production is the more efficient use of biomass, which significantly contributes to improving the economic and social situation in economically disadvantaged regions including Eastern Slovakia. The potential of biomass, which in Slovakia is unused, represents more than 163 PJ of energy. In addition to the power potential that the biomass hides in itself, there is also a significant multiplier effect, which is creating new jobs, establishment of partnerships in business, support in science and research, a network of energy, energy without crisis and a significant contribution to environmental protection.

SK

Jedným z kľúčových faktorov zefektívnenia poľnohospodárskej výroby, je využitie biomasy, čo môže významne prispieť aj k zlepšeniu ekonomickej a sociálnej situácie v ekonomicky znevýhodnených regiónoch, medzi ktoré východné Slovensko patrí. Potenciál biomasy, ktorý je na Slovensku nevyužívaný, predstavuje vyše 163 PJ energie. Okrem významného energetického potenciálu, ktorý biomasa v sebe ukrýva, je biomasa aj významným multiplikačným efektom, ktorého využitie predstavuje vytváranie nových pracovných miest, vznik partnerstiev v oblasti podnikania, podporu v oblasti vedy a výskumu, vznik sietí energií, energiu bez kríz a významný príspevok k ochrane životného prostredia.

4

MANORIAL AND GRANGE COMPLEXES AS A CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF COMMUNE SPACE: A CASE STUDY OF TARNOWO PODGÓRNE, WIELKOPOLSKA

75%

Wilkaniec A., Szczepańska M.

Quaestiones Geographicae

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2017

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vol. 36

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issue 2

107-123

EN

Manorial and grange complexes are characteristic elements of the rural cultural landscape; they constitute significant evidence of the farming tradition of a region. Unfortunately, nowadays these complexes have often become dilapidated, their legibility has been obliterated and there have been radical changes in the spatial context. The aim of this study was to determine whether manorial and grange complexes were given proper attention in the development and strategic plans worked out by communes. The commune of Tarnowo Podgórne, stretching along the western boundary of Poznań city, was selected as a case study and research area. An attempt is also made to recognise what protective provisions the local law makes for those complexes. The authors think that the quality of plans concerning the facilities under study is unsatisfactory. The Land Use Plan includes recommendations to protect nonexistent facilities and lists a complex located beyond the commune boundaries. Although the Plan emphasises the significance of manorial and grange complexes, there are no local spatial development plans for most of them. Some plans referring to the spatial structures under analysis are imprecise and incomplete, which results in ineffective protection.

5

CONTEMPORARY DIRECTIONS OF TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE SETTLEMENT AND THE LANDSCAPE OF RURAL AREAS IN THE SILESIAN LOWLAND

75%

Łach J., Szczepańska B.

Quaestiones Geographicae

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2020

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vol. 39

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issue 2

EN

Rural areas of the Silesian Lowland, undergoing social and economic transformations today, have had a strong impact on the formation of the region’s settlement landscapes. Political and economic changes after 1989 have affected the development of rural areas, in particular of ‘privileged’ settlements for which the proximity of towns and a trunk road are favourable factors. The result of these seemingly positive factors is the escape of young people (potential farmers) to the cities and an influx of new settlers. This affects social behaviour and activity, as well as the visual rural landscape, creating suburban zones with residential and leisure functions. The village seems to have lost its typical character but has it really? The subject of the research is, therefore, an analysis of changes in the spatial and social structure of a rural village as exemplified by Borek Strzeliński, which allows setting out its functions. The research issue is to determine the level of social activity of rural residents and their attitude towards the local cultural heritage, which influences their identity and the value of the landscape. The use of integrated methods of field work based on a free sociological survey has allowed identifying the spatial directions of village development and threats resulting from divided social activity.

6

Zagospodarowanie użytków rolnych na zabudowanych terenach mieszkaniowych aglomeracji poznańskiej

51%

Lendínez J. J. R., Maćkiewicz B., Szczepańska M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica

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2017

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issue 28

151-164

EN

Since the beginning of the socio-economic transformation in Poland we have witnessed a steady reduction of agricultural land. It has taken place mainly as a result of the process of taking out farmland from agricultural production to be used for investment purposes. The dominant direction of this process is to create housing areas. It concerns, to great extent, rural areas which are adjacent to big cities. As a consequence, rural areas located in agglomerations are gradually losing their character both in terms of their economic functions, the structure of residents, and the landscape. This contributes to such phenomena as excessive and irrevocable loss of agricultural land including areas of high quality soils, the development of dispersed housing, the loss of rural landscape as well as problems with establishing accurate surface used for agricultural purposes. The aim of the paper is to identify how agricultural land which remains after completion of the housing construction process within the agglomeration of Poznań is developed. Our investigation concentrated on the geodetic district of Bytkowo located in Rokietnica commune which borders with the city of Poznań from the north west. The analyses were conducted basing on data obtained from Land and Buildings Records of the Poviat Centre of Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation (the real-estate cadastre) in Poznań, Spatial Information System data and information and data collected as a result of direct inventories of the plots. Conducted research revealed that the predominant majority (85%) of agricultural areas which constitute part of built-up housing lots are used mainly as lawns and recreational terrains. Compiled inventory of the plots demonstrated that only on a few of them the farmland was, at least partially, used for vegetable cultivation. This means that in great majority this type of land is used in a way which is incompatible with the cadastral information – where these areas still function as farmland. The research confirmed almost complete disappearance of traditional elements of rural gardens such as orchards, herbal gardens or already mentioned vegetable gardens and, what follows, a loss of indigenous plants especially deciduous, flowering, and productive trees and bushes. These contemporary trends in shaping backyard space located in rural areas experiencing high urbanisation pressure are worrying. The gradual disappearance of tradition and symbolism of rural garden – its plant specificity, composition and function and, as a consequence, its rural landscape identity is evident. Particular worries are related to the lack of awareness of tradition or, even worse, a conscious attempt to break with this rural tradition as it is perceived negatively in the sense that it is identified with backwardness of the countryside. The tendency to copy urban standards is further reinforced by the wide availability of plants especially of foreign origin, building and construction materials as well as lack of time for cultivation practices. Varied and all-year-round supply of fruit, vegetables and herbs and their processed products contributes significantly to the vanishing of time-consuming backyard vegetable gardens and orchards.

PL

Artykuł porusza kwestię sposobu zagospodarowania użytków rolnych pozostałych na zabudowanych terenach mieszkaniowych aglomeracji poznańskiej. Poprzez identyfikację zabudowanych działek budowlanych, na których zgodnie z zapisami ewidencji gruntów i budynków, nadal znajdują się fragmenty użytków rolnych oraz inwentaryzację faktycznego sposobu ich użytkowania wykazano, że grunty te w zdecydowanej większości nie są użytkowane rolniczo, a wykorzystywane przede wszystkim jako tzw. tereny zielone, tj. głównie trawniki i tereny rekreacyjne, którym towarzyszą obce gatunkowo nasadzenia. Potwierdzono tym samym powszechnie obserwowany zanik występowania tradycyjnego ogrodu wiejskiego.

7

Zmiany w krajobrazie rolniczym Mazowsza i ich wpływ na wartości wypoczynkowe krajobrazu wynikające z obecności ptaków kurowatych (Phasianidae)

51%

Pietrzykowska K., Wojtatowicz J.

MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne

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2020

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issue 35

65-141

PL

W artykule podjęto się próby ukazania jak działania na poziomie planistycznym i gospodarki rolnej wpływają na wartości wypoczynkowe krajobrazu, wynikające z zachowania ptaków kurowatych. Cel ten zrealizowano na przykładzie trzech gatunków związanych z agrocenozami: kuropatwy, przepiórki i bażanta. W szczególności uwzględniono dostępność pokarmu i siedlisko ich życia. Dokonano analizy zmian i ich przyczyn w kontekście zarówno Polski, jak i Mazowsza. Wybrano te, które w sposób istotny wpływają na kształtowanie się obecnej struktury ilościowej omawianych gatunków ptaków, tj.: strukturę użytkowania terenów rolnych, chemizację, nawożenie i mechanizację. Do realizacji celu głównego i celów pośrednich, rozwiązywanych na poszczególnych etapach pracy, stosowano metody dedukcyjne używane w architekturze krajobrazu. Stawiano hipotezy, które weryfikowano poprzez analizę literatury w określonym aspekcie. Główną hipotezą do zbadania było określenie, czy postęp w gospodarce rolnej, uwzględniający wielofunkcyjne wykorzystanie krajobrazu, wspomagany metodami planistycznymi, może przyczynić się do rozwoju walorów wypoczynkowych krajobrazu wynikających z ochrony ptaków kurowatych. Potwierdzono, że działania na poziomie planistycznym nie odpowiadają na potrzeby związane z ich ochroną. Analiza związków i zależności między ludźmi, gatunkami zwierząt i ich środowiskiem wykazała, że mogą być one zarówno pozytywne, jak i negatywne w każdym z rozważanych przypadków. Porównanie okresu od lat 90. XX w. do roku 2017 potwierdziło postępującą intensyfikację rolnictwa. Zestawienie pokarmu roślinnego pozwoliło na wykazanie, że omawiane kuraki żywią się w sumie 247 roślinami. 17 z nich stanowi pokarm dla trzech gatunków, a 55 dla dwóch. Podział roślin na kategorie pozwolił na wykazanie, że największą bazę żerową dla kuropatwy i bażanta stanowią rośliny krajobrazowe (55%, 49,7%), użytkowe (50,5%, 57,4%) i ozdobne (39,3%, 42%). Dla przepiórki zaś chwasty (56,3%), rośliny użytkowe (41,8%) i zagrożone na Mazowszu (32%). Chwasty w przypadku kuropatwy i bażanta stanowiły 38,2% i 29,4%, a rośliny zagrożone ponad 14% wszystkich zjadanych roślin. Rośliny upraw rolniczych stanowiły 23,5% w przypadku kuropatwy, przepiórki 18,1%, a bażanta 14,4% ich bazy żerowej. W odpowiedzi na zaistniałe problemy autorzy zauważają potrzebę każdorazowego projektowania indywidualnych modeli krajobrazowo-przestrzennych dla poszczególnych gmin. Modele takie powinny w przypadku kuropatwy, w szczególności uwzględniać pasmowy układ podstref. Istotne jest także, by uwzględniały one miejsca schronień, gniazdowania i zdobywania pokarmu.

EN

The article attempts to show how activities at the planning and agricultural level affect the recreational values of the landscape caused by the behavior of Phasianidae birds. This goal was achieved on the example of three species connected with agrocenoses: partridges, quails and pheasants. In particular, food availability and the habitat of life were taken into account. The changes and their causes were analyzed in the context of both Poland and Mazovia. The selected ones that significantly influence the current quantitative structure of the discussed bird species, are: the structure of agricultural land use, chemization, fertilization and mechanization. The deductive methods used in landscape architecture were used to achieve the main goal and intermediate goals realized at individual stages of the work. Hypotheses, which were verified by analysing the literature in a specific aspect, were put forward. The main tested hypothesis was to determine, whether the progress in agriculture (taking into account the multifunctional use of the landscape) supported by planning methods, can contribute to the development of the recreational values of the landscape due to the protection of Phasianidae birds. It was confirmed that activities at the planning level do not meet the needs related to the protection of these species. The analysis of the connections and dependencies between humans, animal species and their environment, has shown that they can be both positive and negative in each case under consideration. The comparison of the period between 1990 and 2017 confirmed the progressive intensification of agriculture. Tabulated summary of plant food shows that the grouses eat 247 various kinds of plants (17 of which provide nourishment for three grouse species, and 55 for two). The division of plants into categories showed that the major feeding grounds for partridges and pheasants are landscape plants (55%, 49.7%), useful plants (50.5%, 57,4) and ornamental plants (39.3%, 42%). Nourishment for quails consists of weeds (56.3%), useful plants (41.8%) and endangered plant species of Mazovia (32%). In the case of partridges and pheasants, weeds constituted 38.2% and 29.4% of eaten plants and endangered plant species over 14%. Agricultural crops constituted 23.5% of feeding grounds among partridges, 18.1% among quails and 14.4% among pheasants. In response to the problems mentioned above, the authors recognize the need for designing individual landscape and spatial models for individual municipalities. In the case of partridges these models should take into account, in particular, the band arrangement of subzones. They should also provide shelters, nesting places and feeding grounds.

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2 Quaestiones Geographicae

1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica

1 Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

1 MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne

1 Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

1 Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie

2 Szczepańska M.

1 Gorączko A.

1 Gorączko M.

1 Lendínez J. J. R.

1 Maćkiewicz B.

1 Moroń M.

1 Petro Ľ.

1 Pietrzykowska K.

1 Polák M.

1 Szczepańska B.

1 Wilkaniec A.

1 Wojtatowicz J.

1 Łach J.

2 2020

2 2017

1 2016

1 2015