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  1. 1 Malzacher M.

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  1. 1 2005

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RATUSZ W JAWORZE

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Malzacher M.
Ochrona Zabytków
|
2005
|
issue 3
19-30
EN
Jawor, located in the Sudety Highlands on Nysa Szalona, received municipal rights probably already in 1242. In 1301-1346, it was the capital of the duchy of Jawor ruled by a local branch of the Piast dynasty. The first town hall was erected after 1372, when the office of the local wójt was bought up by the city council. The only remnant of the original Gothic construction to have survived up to this day is a town hall tower with stone architectural figural sculptures and an extensive ideological-artistic programme. The other part of the building was devastated during the great fire of 1895, followed by a thorough reconstruction. The municipal authorities announced a general competition for the construction of a new town hall. The ultimately accepted project was proposed by the German architect Hermann Guth. The conception of architectural shape was based upon a Low Countries Renaissance composition and stylistic conception proposed by Guth in another design (the town hall in Tarnowskie Góry). The feature decisive for the originality of the new town hall in Jawor was predominantly the decorative murals embellishing the outer elevations. The paintings constituted an opulent iconographic programme expressing contents associated with the history of the building and the town, which at the time lay within the frontiers of Prussia. The mural was executed by means of a new stereochrome technique: the use of mineral paint was to guarantee durability and to protect against harmful atmospheric factors. The murals did not survive up to this day, and after the second world war the conservation of the town hall plaster elevation entailed thorough cleaning, which resulted in the removal of the decorative murals. An analysis of the value of the damaged murals should take into consideration not only their artistic and historical merits but also the fact that they were an early example of the application of the silicate technique in decorating the elevation of an historical object.
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