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1
100%
EN
The post-Council reflection on understanding sacraments and their significance for moral Christian life should show their personalistic and salutary, ecclesial and social dimension. Holy sacraments have the character of a personal encounter with Christ, and through Him – with the Father and the Holy Spirit. God turns to the man with His gift of salvation and makes him able to accept the gift and give an answer. Accepting sacramental gifts requires understanding the moral imperative in them, which makes a Christian's moral life acquire the style of sacramental life. The Church that is a sacrament, owing to the presence of Christ-Sacrament in it, is the natural environment for the growth and development of moral life. A new emphasis in the post-Council revival is that Christians, as members of the Church-sacrament, should become a „sacrament” of Christ's presence and His salutary mystery in the world.
2
89%
EN
According to the teaching of the Church, Christian marriage is a sacrament - spouses approach the covenant with God, offered in the Sacrament of Matrimony, who transforms their conjugal love in and through Christ in it. That is why since entering in marriage no other bond is as important for the spouses as the marital bond. Unity and irrevocability which originate from Christ’s love for his Church make every Catholic marriage a sign of this sacrament. The community of love which is formed in marriage is one of the deepest sources of happiness in human life. In such a perspective, marriage seems to be the best environment, conducive to fostering human love and bringing up the resultant offspring. Marriage also signifies collaboration in the salvation of the beloved, i.e. supernaturally transfigured conjugal love aims at the eternal welfare of the marital partner and is the way to sanctify each of the spouses.
PL
Wedle przekonania Kościoła małżeństwo chrześcijan jest sakramentem. Od momentu zawarcia małżeństwa sakramentalnego wszystkie inne więzi są mniej ważne od więzi z małżonkiem. Jedność i nierozerwalność małżeństwa płynąca z miłości oblubieńczej Chrystusa do Kościoła czyni także małżeństwo znakiem sakramentalnym. Szczęśliwe małżeństwo i trwała rodzina to zdecydowanie najlepsze, najbardziej korzystne, miejsce na tej ziemi dla dzielenia się miłością, dla tworzenia klimatu bezpieczeństwa, dla radosnego wychowania dzieci, dla wspólnego dorastania do świętości.
EN
The issue of admitting catholic believers to Holy Communion has always been a difficult one in the history. The position of the Church as expressed in Canon 915 of Code of Canon Law 1983 seems strict, but justified with its invariable teachings. The Catholics who have been excommunicated or interdicted after the imposition or declaration of the penalty and others obstinately persevering in manifest grave sin should always be aware of the fact, that it is not the Church that restricts them in their entitlements, but it is them that deprive themselves of that right. This is not a new teaching or tightening of ecclesiastical discipline. This is a continuation of Jesus’s teaching.
4
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Spowiedź w czasach Reformacji

88%
EN
Confession, understood as confession and forgiveness of sins, is one of the most interesting phenomena of the church. The article presents the results of research concerning the confession at the time of the Reformation, theology of the Lutheran symbolical books in particular. The dynamics of Luther’s and Melanchthon’s theological reflection on the role, form and the person of the administrator of confession was shown. Confession’s functions as a necessary condition for preparing the believers for participation in the Lord’s Supper and a significant factor in pastoral work were also brought into focus. The author reminds that the Reformation restored the rite of general confession to the church, without resigning from the individual confession, the course of which was reconstructed based on the “Small Catechism” and Lutheran iconography from the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje problem możliwości udzielania sakramentu małżeństwa, pokuty i eucharystii na odległość, tzn. przy wykorzystaniu technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych. Elektroniczne środki komunikacji sprawiają bowiem, że zmienia się nie tylko nasze rozumienie czasu i przestrzeni, ale również doświadczenie budowania wspólnoty i kontaktu z drugim człowiekiem. Przeprowadzona analiza skłoniła do postawienia wniosku, że biorąc pod uwagę dobro duchowe wiernych, szczególnie takich, którzy znaleźli się w niebezpieczeństwie śmierci lub na skutek wielkiej odległości lub z powodu izolacji nie mają dostępu do kapłana i realnej wspólnoty wiernych, a także fakt, że Stolica Apostolska nie udzieliła autorytatywnej odpowiedzi sprzeciwiającej się udzielaniu sakramentów za pomocą nowych narzędzi komunikacyjnych, nie należy tej formy z praktyki Kościoła wykluczać.
EN
The article addresses the problem of the possibility of administering the sacraments of marriage, penance and Eucharist at a distance, that is, using information and communication technologies. Electronic means of communication change not only our understanding of time and space, but also the experience of building a community and contact with other people. The conducted analysis led to the conclusion that taking into account the spiritual good of the faithful, especially those who found themselves in danger of death or as a result of a great distance or due to isolation, they have no access to a priest and the real community of the faithful, as well as the fact that the Holy See did not give an authoritative answer opposing the administration of the sacraments by means of new communication tools, this form should not be excluded from the practice of the Church.
EN
Franciszek Grudniok’s writings show several aspects of Christian life. Saying prayers and conducting religious practices, which lead to holiness in everyday life, are the major ones. A prayer is described as the foundation of Christian life. Listening to the Word of God and obeying it in everyday life is a special kind of prayer. The author presents a great value of the Word of God in the course of Christian development. An important aspect in Christian life is proper experience of Eucharist and confession as the basic sacraments. These two factors let people develop spiritual life. Next, the paper presents Grudniok’s view on human suffering. It is shown as a kind of mystery which is difficult to describe. The topic was familiar to Franciszek Grudniok. He wanted to present suffering as a treasure of spiritual life. Finally, several forms of spiritual life suggested by Franciszek Grudniok to lay persons are presented. Spirituality of St. Mary, Eucharistic spirituality as well as the spirituality of various Saints are shown in the paper.
Teologia w Polsce
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2015
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vol. 9
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issue 1
117-126
PL
Temat niniejszej pracy podejmuje problematykę relacji pomiędzy trwaniem pełnym i defi nitywnym objawienia się Boga w Kościele katolickim a powszechnym objawieniem się Boga poza instytucjonalnymi ramami religii katolickiej. Istnieje jedno Objawienie się Boga i jedna Jego wola zbawcza, obejmująca każdego człowieka. Jak zatem należy pojmować pluralizm religijny? Niniejsza praca skupia się wokół tajemnicy Boga, który się objawia, i człowieka, który w swojej wolności udziela odpowiedzi. W tym kontekście przedstawiona jest nauka Soboru Watykańskiego II, owa triada wartości: Prawda, Dobro, Świętość1 ,zawarta w świecie, wskazująca na istnienie Boga
EN
The subject of this work is taking issues of the relation between full and defi nitive lasting of manifesting itself of God at the Roman Catholic Church and with universal revelation oneself of God apart from institutional frames of the Catholic religion. One revelation exists oneself of God and one his will salutary, embracing every man. So, properly to comprehend the religious pluralism? This work is concentrating around the secret of God which is showing himself and the man which in his freedom is answering. In this context a learning of the II vatican council is presented, that triad of the value: Truth, Good, Holiness, included in world, appointing God to the being.
Teologia w Polsce
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2019
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vol. 13
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issue 2
201-222
EN
As it was mentioned in the first part of the present article, its purpose was the presentation of the selected issues concerning the ecclesiological and social aspect of mercy in the teaching of the Church, mainly of the pontificate of pope John Paul II, as the answer to the disappearing of the bond of brotherhood among people and the way of the restoration of relation. The study was leant on three pillars (problems): 1) God’s mercy in sacraments (through the sacramentalness of the Church, in the Eucharist and the sacrament of penance and reconciliation), 2) the issue of “creativity in charity” (through support for needy people, relationality of mercy and the relation between “mercy” and “justice”), 3) deeds of mercy (through mercy as a life style, the idea of the civilization of mercy and reconciliation as the purpose of the service of mercy). Summarizing the presented observation, it must be said that the validity of Christ’s Church mission and the necessity of its existence in the modern world depend largely on the undertaking of the adjuration contained in Christ’s Gospel: “Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful” (Luke 6:36).The example given by the Church is to become the leaven of the world based on authentic interpersonal solidarity. The act of mercy creates harmony and unity amongst people, building a better world. The service of the Church should reflect on the level of authentic faith in God’s mercy – for the members of the Church to experience it. God’s mercy brings renewal of the earth. The duty of the Church is to show the true meaning of “mercy” that reflects in the human attitude God’s perfection, fulfilling justice and to lead a better life.
Teologia w Polsce
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2015
|
vol. 9
|
issue 1
117-126
EN
The subject of this work is taking issues of the relation between full and definitive lasting of manifesting itself of God at the Roman Catholic Church and with universal revelation oneself of God apart from institutional frames of the Catholic religion. One revelation exists oneself of God and one his will salutary, embracing every man. So, properly to comprehend the religious pluralism? This work is concentrating around the secret of God which is showing himself and the man which in his freedom is answering. In this context a learning of the II vatican council is presented, that triad of the value: Truth, Good, Holiness, included in world, appointing God to the being.
PL
Temat niniejszej pracy podejmuje problematykę relacji pomiędzy trwaniem pełnym i definitywnym objawienia się Boga w Kościele katolickim a powszechnym objawieniem się Boga poza instytucjonalnymi ramami religii katolickiej. Istnieje jedno Objawienie się Boga i jedna Jego wola zbawcza, obejmująca każdego człowieka. Jak zatem należy pojmować pluralizm religijny? Niniejsza praca skupia się wokół tajemnicy Boga, który się objawia, i człowieka, który w swojej wolności udziela odpowiedzi. W tym kontekście przedstawiona jest nauka Soboru Watykańskiego II, owa triada wartości: Prawda, Dobro, Świętość, zawarta w świecie, wskazująca na istnienie Boga.
10
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Sermo de confessione Jakoubka ze Stříbra

75%
EN
This paper deals with the text by Jakoubek of Stříbro traditionally known as Sermo de confessione. It shows the extent to which the author was inspired by the work fo John Wycliffe and of Matěj of Janov. The paper also includes a critical edition of the text.
11
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Eklezjalny wymiar sakramentów

75%
EN
The Conciliar revival of the vision of the Church and of vocation had enhanced the status of the communal character of Christian life. The community of the Church is a necessary milieu for religious and moral life of Christians. It is in the Church that the encounter with the saving God takes place, and owing to the sacraments a man is sanctified. Sacramental grace gives rise to moral obligations, and moral life requires turning gifts and obligations that issue from sacraments into actual deeds. This means that sacramental gifts indicate the moral imperative, and moral life acquires the style of sacramental life. One of the most important moral imperatives of sacramental life is its communal dimension.
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2018
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vol. 65
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issue 7: Teologia ekumeniczna
35-52
EN
Pomorskiye otvety is a presentation of the doctrine of the Old Believers in form of answers to 106 questions presented by a representative of the Synod, hieromonk Neofit. In this work written primarily by Andrei Denisov, major points of disagreement between the Old Believers and the official church arc discussed: the 2-finger sign, the number of the sung alleluias, the representation of the cross, the Eucharist, the spelling of the name of Jesus, the wording of the creed, and many others. The article briefly presents these points and responses to them. It also discusses the problem of viability of sacraments among Old Believers and focuses on the Eucharist and the sacrament of marriage.
PL
Pomorskie odpowiedzi to prezentacja doktryny staroobrzędowców w formie odpowiedzi na 106 pytań przekazanych przez przedstawiciela Synodu, hieromnicha Neofita. W tej pracy, napisanej głównie przez Andrzeja Denisowa, omówiono główne punkty niezgody między staroobrzędowcami a oficjalnym kościołem: żegnanie się dwoma palcami, liczba śpiewanych alleluja, prezentacja krzyża, Eucharystia, pisownia imienia Jezusa, sformułowanie credo i wiele innych. Artykuł przedstawia krótko te kwestie i odpowiedzi na nic. Omawia również problem żywotności sakramentów wśród staroobrzędowców i koncentruje się na Eucharystii i sakramencie małżeństwa.
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Faith in the Year Of Faith

71%
EN
J. Ratzinger/Benedict XVI as a pope and author of the idea promulgating the Year of Faith is presented in the paper with his concept of faith. The striking element of Ratzinger’s theology is a personal approach to faith. Faith as an encounter triggering conversion is a fully positive and existencial experience of God, who engages the whole person and personality (unitotality of faith), the reason and love. This attitude of faith builds human praxis and shapes interpersonal relations. Here comes the phenomenon of the Church, which the Pope treats as a source and place of faith, especially with reference to liturgy, owing to which the true relation with the Trune God is established and developed.
14
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Liturgia w katechezie

71%
EN
The search for the answer of the following question is still actual: How to teach pupils religion in order to bring them to the proper participation in liturgy? To fulfil this assignment means to feed the catechised with the word and grace of God. Both the liturgy and catechesis are in their own ways a space for preaching the word of God and experiencing the grace of God. There are close correlations between liturgy and catechesis. Liturgy needs catechesis and catechesis needs liturgy. The Eucharist should be presented in catechesis in an encouraging way to bring the young people to the Holy Mass. Carrying out this assignment should be based on the wisdom of the Church: “Regulation of the sacred liturgy depends solely on the authority of the Church […] Therefore no other person, even if he be a priest, may add, remove, or change anything in the liturgy on his own authority” (Sacrosanctum Concilium, 22, 1–3). Those recommendations are also applicable in preparing the catechised to the sacraments in particular: First Communion, confirmation and confession. However, if the assignment of bringing the catechised to a mature participation in the liturgy is to be fully achieved the catechists should be taken in care as well. They transfer the teaching of Christ and should have proper traits. “For the noblest human and Christian attributes guarantee more fruitful catechesis than any elaborated methods” (Dyrektorium ogólne o katechizacji, 71).
PL
Ciągle aktualne jest poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na pytanie: Jak uczyć uczniów religii, aby doprowadzić ich do odpowiedniego udziału w liturgii? Aby wypełnić to zadanie, należy katechizowanych nakarmić słowem Bożym i łaską Boga. Przestrzenią głoszenia słowa Bożego i obdarzania łaską Boga jest zarówno katecheza, jak i liturgia – każda z nich, we właściwym sobie zakresie. Pomiędzy liturgią a katechezą zachodzą wzajemne relacje. Liturgia domaga się katechezy, a katecheza domaga się liturgii. Aby młodych ludzi poprzez katechezę skutecznie przybliżyć do Mszy świętej, należy ukazywać im Eucharystię w sposób zachęcający. W realizacji tego zadania należy kierować się mądrością Kościoła: „Prawo kierowania sprawami liturgii należy wyłącznie do władzy kościelnej […] Dlatego nikomu innemu, chociażby nawet był kapłanem, nie wolno na własną rękę niczego dodawać, ujmować lub zmieniać w liturgii” (konst. Sacrosanctum Concilium, 22, § 1–3). Te wskazania mają swoje zastosowanie zwłaszcza w przygotowaniu katechizowanych do sakramentów: pierwszej Komunii świętej, bierzmowania i spowiedzi świętej. Jednak, aby został w pełni osiągnięty cel doprowadzenia katechizowanych do dojrzałego udziału w liturgii, należy zadbać także o formację katechetów. Oni jako przekaziciele nauki Chrystusa, powinni odznaczać się odpowiednimi cechami. „Najszlachetniejsze bowiem przymioty ludzkie i chrześcijańskie katechety bardziej gwarantują owocność katechezy aniżeli wyszukane metody” (Dyrektorium ogólne o katechizacji, 71).
EN
Due to the progress and globalization the contemporary world more and more differs from Christ and the teaching of the Church. Therefore, there is a need to look again at the essential though often discounted aspect of the sacraments of initiation and their role in pastoral and liturgical life of a parish. The aim of the review of fr. Andrzej Megger’s monograph entitled Sacraments of Christian Initiation in a Parish is the encouragement to read and explore the model of the pastoral work which often meets with ignorance or incomprehen sion in parish life reality. While reading the monograph it might be helpful to point the book’s specificity and to present the reviewer’s insights so that the people interested could analyze the thesis with the knowledge ofits assumptions and the scope of the research. Particularly significant for the future readers is the emphasis of the monograph’s role as a source of valuable knowledge which could be used in community pastoral work and therefore, it might be a compendium of appropriate and effective pastoralpremises. In order to provide content’s clearness the text is divided into paragraphs so that the main part of the article corresponds to individual chapters of the book. Accordingly to its nature, the review is fully based on the title mentioned above. To sum up, the result of the review is to outline the issues that are broadly discussed in the monograph. The article is also an incentive to read the book which might seem only a theoretical study but might as well greatly affect practical dimension of preparation and celebration of the sacraments of Christian initiation in a parish.
16
63%
EN
Those baptised are fully in the communion of the Catholic Church on this earth who are joined with Christ in its visible structure by the bonds of the profession of faith, the sacraments, and ecclesiastical governance. According to of the Church law, there are three bonds which guarantee a full afilliation with the Church. These are: faith, Sacraments, and Church governance. Undoubtedly, the main criterion which determines affiliation with the Church is Baptism, through which a human being is incorporated into the Church of Christ thus becoming a person in it with obligations and rights.
IT
Su questa terra sono nella piena comunione della Chiesa cattolica quei battezzati che sono congiunti con Cristo nella sua compagine visibile, ossia mediante i vincoli della professione di fede, dei sacramenti e del governo ecclesiastico. Secondo la giurisprudenza della Chiesa esistono tre legami che istituiscono la garanzia della piena appartenenza alla Chiesa. Questi sono: la fede, i sacramenti e il governo ecclesiastico. Senza dubbio il criterio principale determinante l’appartenenza alla Chiesa è il battesimo, attraverso cui l’uomo è incorporato nella Chiesa di Cristo diventando in essa una persona con doveri e diritti.
17
63%
PL
Doświadczenia Kościoła w obszarze pracy duszpasterskiej z młodzieżą wskazują na duży poziom rezygnacji młodego pokolenia z różnego rodzaju praktyk religijnych: począwszy od modlitwy indywidualnej a skończywszy na życiu sakramentalnym. Autorzy artykułu postawili pytanie o miejsce i rolę praktyk kościelnych w życiu młodzieży ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sakramentów. Materiał badawczy stanowiła ankieta skierowana do 109 studentów Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego. Po przeanalizowaniu danych można postawić tezę, że młodzież potrzebuje przestrzeni rytualnej, aby poprawnie funkcjonować w społeczeństwie, szuka tej przestrzeni na różne sposoby i w różnych miejscach. Funkcje rytuałów religijnych ze sfery sacrum przejmuje wiele wydarzeń o charakterze rytualnym pochodzących z przestrzeni profanum. Autorzy artykułu postulują, by przywrócić rytuałom religijnym ich pierwotne znaczenie, które często zostało utracone w procesie przejmowania przez nie znaczeń pozareligijnych.
EN
The experience of the Church gained during its pastoral work with youth presents that young people very often abandon different religious practices, starting with individual prayer and ending with their sacramental life. The authors of the essay enquired about the place and role of religious practice in lives of young people. They emphasized the sacraments. The research material was a questionnaire addressed to 109 students at University of Zielona Góra. After analyzing the data it can be assumed that young people need some kind of ritual space to exist in a proper way in the society, but they look for the space in different ways and in different places. The SACRUM aspect of religious meetings is often taken by some ritual events with PROFANUM provenience. The authors suggest that the religious rituals should be restored with their original meaning, which often has been lost in the acquisition process of its non-religious meanings.
EN
The article introduces in the subject of blessed Bishop Michał Kozal’s sermons. It was developed to prepare the material base, necessary for scientific research and drafts on them. The raising of that subject was justified by the need of showing and developing of the Bishop’s influence on the history of Poland in the first decades of 20 century. Aims, he set in a variety of topics of his sermons, was brought to shaping such spiritual and moral level as to have an achieving in then families’ life first. In that he saw a possibility of evangelistic influence on the entire life of Church, community, nation or even the world. He sought to integrating the lay faithful and the local parish community, Church, socio-political life and patriotism. The topics of sermons were sue to Christian doctrine. In the article there were Sunday and festive sermons for adults, Sunday and festive exhortations for youths, themed and occasional sermons and Passion teachings taken into account. So, manuscripts of Bishop’s sermons, now developed and released on paper were the research materials. The analysis of sources let rank the sermons due to topics, show purposes and the way of their conducting together with existential conclusion. Under taken studies, there were topics shown: about Triune God, about the Church, about sacraments, about saints, about Christian life and about patriotism and socio-political life. It was them that set the structure of this article. The compiled subject will surely be an inspiration for further research on the preacher’s work of blessed Michał Kozal.
PL
Artykuł wprowadza w tematykę kazań bł. biskupa Michała Kozala. Został opracowany w celu przygotowania bazy materiałowej, koniecznej do prowadzenia dalszych nad nimi badań naukowych i opracowań. Opracowanie tematu uzasadniła potrzeba ukazania wpływu Błogosławionego na dzieje Kościoła i Polski, w pierwszych dziesiątkach lat XX wieku. Cele, jakie stawiał sobie w bogatej tematyce kazań, sprowadzał do kształtowania takiego poziomu duchowo-moralnego, aby miał swoje urzeczywistnienie najpierw w realiach życia ówczesnych rodzin. W ich zaś perspektywie widział z kolei możliwość ewangelizacyjnego ich oddziaływania na całokształt życia Kościoła, społeczeństwa, Narodu, a nawet świata. Dążył w nich do integrowania życia wiernych świeckich chrześcijan z lokalną wspólnotą parafialną, z Kościołem, życiem społeczno-politycznym i patriotyzmem. Tematykę kazań opierał na doktrynie chrześcijańskiej. W artykule uwzględniono kazania niedzielne i świąteczne dla dorosłych, egzorty niedzielne i świąteczne dla młodzieży, kazania tematyczne i okolicznościowe oraz nauki pasyjne. Materiałem badawczym były więc rękopisy kazań Błogosławionego, opracowane i wydane w wersji papierowej. Analiza źródeł umożliwiła przeprowadzenie uszeregowania kazań pod względem tematycznym, wskazanie celów i sposobu ich przeprowadzenia wraz z konkluzją egzystencjalną. W ramach podjętego studium wyłoniły się następujące tematy: O Bogu Trójedynym, o Kościele, o sakramentach, o świętych, o życiu chrześcijańskim oraz o patriotyzmie i życiu społeczno-politycznym. One wyznaczyły strukturę niniejszego artykułu. Opracowana tematyka zapewne inspiruje do podejmowania dalszych badań nad twórczością kaznodziejską Błogosławionego.
EN
The author takes the problem of visibility of God in the world, especially after coming of Jesus Christ. Very important to him is the sentence of Saint Leo the Great: all what was visible in Christ transformed in holy sacraments. So, for all people, who participate in the Christian liturgy is more necessary to see, what is unseen; than to see what is seen. Reality unseen lasts; all what is seen – passes.
PL
Kodeks Prawa Kanonicznego, jako posoborowy zbiór prawa, powinien zawierać zalecenia Soboru Watykańskiego II i przyjąć jego nauczanie. Jednym z aspektów, który miał się w nim znaleźć, był aspekt ekumeniczny, tj. ustanowienie takich przepisów, które będą miały na uwadze działalność oraz przedsięwzięcia zmierzające do jedności chrześcijan. Wśród dokumentów szczególnie zalecających ruch ekumeniczny wyróżnić należy dekret o ekumenizmie Unitatis redintegratio, konstytucję dogmatyczną o Kościele Lumen gentium, encyklikę Ut unum sint oraz dyrektorium ekumeniczne. Wśród aspektów ekumenicznych należy wymienić takie jak: wspieranie jedności wszystkich chrześcijan, sakramenty – chrztu, Eucharystii, pokuty, namaszczenia chorych, małżeństwa oraz inne formy communicatio. Analiza wymienionych zagadnień pozwoliła przybliżyć zawarte w Kodeksie aspekty – treść norm oraz wynikające z nich dyspozycje. Wnioski pozwolą określić, w jakim stopniu Kodeks Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 r. posiada charakter ekumeniczny.
EN
The Code of Canon Law as a post-conciliar set of rights, should contain the Second Vatican Council’s recommendations and accept the Council’s teaching. One of the aspects which should be included in the Code of Canon Law was the ecumenical aspect – promotion of the unity of all Christians. Among the documents there are a few which talk about ecumenism – the Decree on Ecumenism Unitatis redintegratio, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lumen gentium, the Encyclical Letter Ut unum sint and the Ecumenical Directory. Among the ecumenical aspects there are: promotion of the unity of all Christians; sacraments – baptism, Eucharist, penance, anointing of the sick, marriage and other forms of communicatio. Their analysis helped show the ecumenical aspects in the Code of Canon Law. The conclusions will define, how ecumenical the 1983 Code of Canon Law is.
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