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EN
Introduction Several theories have emerged in recent years suggesting that neuroendocrinological alterations, mainly changes in cortisol, could be of importance with respect to the link between chronic stress and disease. This study investigated possible deviations in the diurnal cortisol profiles of patients with clinically diagnosed stress-related exhaustion (exhaustion disorder – ED) compared with healthy controls. Material and methods: Salivary cortisol samples taken at home in the morning directly after waking up, 30 min later, and in the evening were compared between ED patients (N = 122; 25% men) and healthy controls (N = 98; 44% men). Follow-up measurements were performed after 6 months (79 patients) and 12 months (68 patients) of the treatment. Results: There were no clear differences in diurnal salivary cortisol profiles between the patients and healthy controls. Moreover, salivary cortisol levels and diurnal profiles did not change significantly during the treatment in the patient group. There was some indication of a smaller cortisol awakening response in the male patients compared to the male controls, but the difference appeared to be mainly related to the antidepressant use. Conclusions: Diurnal salivary cortisol profiles, at least as measured in this study, give a rather poor reflection of the prolonged stress exposure experienced by patients with ED. Such basal salivary cortisol measurements do not seem suitable as biomarkers for stress-related conditions such as ED or burnout, or as an aid to assess the effects of prolonged stress load in a routine clinical practice.
EN
Introduction: Plant extracts rich in phenolic compounds may modify the stress level. The aim of this project is to investigate whether freeze-dried rosehips (Rosa rugosa), taken orally by students, affect cortisol concentration before and after a highly stressful exam. Materials and methods: The double-blind study included healthy volunteers recruited from medical and health sciences students. Participants in the study group took capsules containing 400 mg of freeze-dried ground rosehips for five consecutive days preceding the exam (stressor). At that time, the control group was taking a placebo (120 mg of glucose). Participants completed a questionnaire on their gender, lifestyle, medical history, physical activity, diet, stimulants, medications and dietary supplements. Saliva samples for determining the level of cortisol in saliva were taken three times: in the morning before the beginning of the experimental phase, in the morning before the stressor, and one hour after the stressor subsided. The level of cortisol in saliva was determined using ELISA. Results: It was found that taking freeze-dried rosehips for five days significantly reduced the level of cortisol in students after the exam compared to the placebo group. There were no differences in the level of cortisol before the exam, regardless of the preparation taken. No other analyzed factor influenced the concentration of the stress hormone in students. Conclusions: Freeze-dried rosehips can help reduce the effects of stress.
PL
Wprowadzenie: Ekstrakty roślinne bogate w polifenole mogą modyfikować poziom stresu. Celem projektu było zbadanie, czy liofilizowane owoce róży (Rosa rugosa) przyjmowane doustnie przez studentów wpływają na poziom kortyzolu przed i po silnie stresującym egzaminie. Materiał i metody: Badanie o charakterze podwójnie ślepej próby objęło zdrowych ochotników rekrutowanych pośród studentów kierunków medycznych. Uczestnicy w grupie badanej przyjmowali kapsułki zawierające po 400 mg liofilizowanych mielonych owoców róży przez pięć kolejnych dni poprzedzających egzamin (stresor). W tym czasie grupa kontrolna przyjmowała placebo. Uczestnicy wypełnili ankietę dotyczącą ich płci, stylu życia, historii chorób, aktywności fizycznej, stosowanej diety, używek, leków i suplementów diety. Próbki śliny do oznaczenia poziomu kortyzolu zostały pobrane trzykrotnie: rano przed rozpoczęciem fazy eksperymentalnej, rano przed stresorem oraz godzinę po ustąpieniu stresora. Poziom kortyzolu w ślinie oznaczono metodą immunoenzymatyczną. Wyniki: Stwierdzono, że przyjmowanie liofilizowanych owoców róży przez pięć dni istotnie zmniejsza poziom kortyzolu u studentów po egzaminie w porównaniu z grupą przyjmującą placebo. Nie wykazano różnic w poziomie kortyzolu przed egzaminem niezależnie od przyjmowanego preparatu. Żaden inny analizowany czynnik nie wpływał na stężenie hormonu stresu u studentów. Wnioski: Liofilizowane owoce róży mogą pomagać w osłabieniu skutków stresu.
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