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Gestalt and Science. Kuhn’s Model of Scientific Change in the Light of Gestalt Theory

100%
Michalska A.
Dialogue and Universalism
|
2015
|
issue 4
131-144
EN
In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Thomas Kuhn propounded a controversial claim that the scientific change is a form of Gestalt switch. As I point out, he did it ap-parently without having a full understanding of what Gestalt theory was, and used the concept of Gestalt rather metaphorically, and not entirely consistently. Interestingly, however, Kuhn’s model of scientific change as sketched in The Copernican Revolution and advanced in his subsequent works, bears some obvious structural resemblance to Gestalt theory. In the paper, I confront Kuhn’s model with Gestalt theory, and attempt to show that the latter is able to clarify the basic assumption of the model. It unifies Kuhn’s views on scientific change, and provides a coherent conceptual frame in which scientific development can be analyzed. In particular, Gestalt theory helps to uncover the directionality of changes which Kuhn failed to acknowledge.
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Gestalt i rozwój nauki. Kuhna model zmiany naukowej w świetle teorii gestalt

63%
Michalska A.
Filozofia i nauka. Studia filozoficzne i interdyscyplinarne
|
2016
|
vol. 4
327-334
PL
W Strukturze rewolucji naukowych Kuhn wyraził kontrowersyjne przekonanie, że zmiana naukowa ma charakter zmiany sposobu widzenia świata i stanowi przejście typu Gestalt. Jak wykazuję w artykule, Kuhn najwyraźniej niezbyt dobrze znał teorię postaci, a pojęciem przejścia Gestalt posłużył się metaforycznie. Co jednak interesujące, Kuhna model zmiany naukowej, zarysowany już w Przewrocie Kopernikańskim i rozwijany w kolejnych pracach, spełnia postulaty psychologii postaci. W artykule dowodzę, że interpretacja koncepcji Kuhna w świetle założeń psychologii postaci pozwala wydobyć potencjał wyjaśniający tej koncepcji i niweluje pewne trudności z nią związane.
EN
In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Thomas Kuhn advances a controversial claim that the scientific change is a form of Gestalt switch. As I point out, he did it apparently without having a full understanding of what Gestalt theory was, and used the concept of Gestalt rather metaphorically. Interestingly, however, Kuhn’s model of scientific change as sketched in The Copernican Revolution and developed in his subsequent works satisfies the desiderata of Gestalt theory. In the paper, I demonstrate that considering the Kuhnian model through the lens of Gestalt theory helps uncover its full potential and overcome certain difficulties connected to it.
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