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EN
The oldest book which was on the territory of the early Piast in the second half of the tenth century derived, comes from the Benedictine scriptoria from the area of Bavaria, Saxony, Rhineland and Lorraine and contained the biblical texts and established liturgical canon necessary for the celebration of the Mass. Preserved from the twelfth century regulations of Cistercian chapters which decided that in each monastery there should be: missal, epistolary, Gospel Book, gradual, antiphonary, liber hymnarius, psaltery, lectionary and calendar. These regulations made the copywriter’s work particularly important. The importance attributed to their work is attested to, for example, by their release by the General Chapter of the Order from other duties in favor of the monastery, and by the permission in some cases to work at night. In Cistercian scriptoria apart from copying of the liturgical texts, the memorials so-called libri virorum et mortuorum, there were preparing documents for the current administrative and economic work of the monastery; in addition there were writing yearbooks, obituaries, monastery chronicles or epitaphs poem. There were recording notes of daily life outside the walls of the enclosure, names and functions of friars particularly events that took place away from the monastery or notes about elementary disasters happening in the proximate areas, the damages of monastery caused by floods, fires or epidemics. The preserved manuscript codes are an priceless source for learning the minds, interpersonal relationships prevailing in the small communities, their relations with their nearest surrounding and medieval way of seeing the world.
EN
By a detailed analysis of decoration and collation of this manuscript it was found out that three principal masters participated in its decoration. The top quality of the decoration can be found in the work of the first master continuing the Byzantine, Venetian, and Saxon-Thuringian creation. The second master uses the first master´s work. The work of the third master is quite different as it is connected with original Bohemian production – with the Mater verborum manuscript. This different quality of illuminations allows to suppose that the codex originated in a scriptorium acting somewhere in Bohemia and employing a number of artists and their helpmates.
PL
The re-establishment of the autocephality of the Serbian Church in 1557 instigated a considerable degree of activity in the field of cultural restoration. The see of the Patriarchate was revived in its former location – in the monastery Peć. Restoration of the structures of the church organization was accompanied by reparation of the old (abandoned or neglected) churches and monasteries, as well as by building of new objects. A number of new churches and monasteries arouse in the regions of the Balkans which were colonized by Serbs intensively and systematically. The new churches required liturgical books necessary for non-hindered performance of the rite. The result was that old scriptoria were restoring and intensifing their activity, but at the same time new scriptoria started to fill the libraries of numerous churches and monasteries. The short supply of liturgical books towards the end of the 15th century motivated Djurdje Crnoević to establish the first printing shop in the South Slavonic lands at Cetinje. During the first half of the 16th century there were several printing shops at Goražde, in the monastery of Rujan and in the monasteries Gračanica and Mileševa. An analysis of the production of all those printing shops show that exclusively books necessary for normal performance of the rite were printed.
EN
Article presents the cathedral environment of Płock from the erection of the bishopric of Płock in 1075 until the end of the fourteenth century. The author discusses the origins of the Plock Cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The paper also focuses on the rulers of the Diocese, especially Aleksander from Malonne, Werner and Jakub from Korzkiew, which constitutes the backdrop for the characterization of the local scriptorium to the fourteenth century. The whole text is crowned with a detailed discussion of works coming from Plock, both those that survived to the present day, as well as those which did not survive World War II. Thanks to arduous research into the book collection of the Cathedral Library of Płock done before the Second World War by such people as Mathias Bersohn, Bishop Antoni Julian Nowowiejski and Adam Vetulani, the author of the article managed to make an attempt to characterise the manuscripts coming from cathedral scriptorium of Płock to the fourteenth century.
PL
Zarys treści: Artykuł poświęcony jest pochodzeniu i historii kodeksu ze zbiorów Biblioteki Państwowej w Berlinie, opatrzonego sygnaturą theol. lat. oct. 162. Kodeks ten zawiera jedyną znaną kopię Vita Quinque Fratrum autorstwa Brunona z Kwerfurtu. Druga część pracy poświęcona jest próbie rekonstrukcji drogi, za sprawą której tekst znalazł się w bibliotece klasztornej w Huysburgu.Abstract: The article deals with the origin and history of a codex from the collections of the Berlin State Library (call no. theol. lat. oct. 162). The codex contains the only known copy of Vita Quinque Fratrum by Bruno of Querfurt. The second part of the article aims at reconstruction of the history of the text itself before the aquisition of the copy by the Huysburg abbey library.
EN
Codex theol. lat. oct. 162 (Staatsbibliothek Berlin) plays an important role in Polish medieval studies due to its containing the sole witness of Vita Quinque Fratrum (BHL 1147) by Bruno of Querfurt. The article traces history of the codex from the origin until its discovery in the family library of Reinhard Kade, the first editor of VQF. The oldest part of the codex is a passionale (12/13th cent.), which was written at (or at least very early belonged to) the Benedictine monastery in Huysburg. In the 15th century – still in Huysburg – it was bound together with two later unrelated manuscripts to form the current composite codex. During the secularization of the monastery at the beginning of the 19th century it came into possession of Friedrich Gottlieb Julius von Bülow (1760–1831), an assessor and book collector. After von Bülow’s death his collection was put up at auction, the printed catalogue of which lists our manuscript. The codex was bought by Kade’s paternal grandfather, Anton Krüger of Dresden a noted engraver. The rest of manuscript’s history is well known. The second part of the article examines a couple of hypothetical routes, through which the source copy for our witness (i.e. a very early copy or even Bruno’s draft) or the witness itself could have been transferred to Huysburg, by tracing both direct and indirect connections of Querfurt counts and the monastery. Those hypothetical routes from Querfurt (Eilversdorf monastery?) to Huysburg – both in the diocese of Halberstadt – also try to make sense of the apparent interest that the passionale compiler had taken in Magdeburg.A brief addendum discusses the implications of the re-discovery of a codex from Ebrach, previously considered lost, that was suspected by G. Waitz to be identical with our witness or, by W. Kętrzyński and W. Meysztowicz, to be a source for Cosmas’ of Prague version of Five Brothers text. Late in the publishing process the author became aware the new description of theol. lat. oct. 162 (Beate Braun-Niehr, Manuscripta Mediaevalia database: <http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/dokumente/html/obj31101702> [access: 29.09.2016]. This new description independently and concisely provides some of the article’s findings (ownership note from Huysburg, auction catalogue of „Bibliotheca Büloviana”, lost codex of EbrachNepomuk). Still available is the previous catalogue description, which was known to the author in February 2014, during the autopsy of Huysburg codices in Berlin <http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/ dokumente/html/obj90432270,T> [access: 29.09.2016].
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