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EN
The article aims to reconstruct the history of women who created female Soviet samizdat Woman and Russia and magazine Maria. They are examples of  a postsoviet woman who needs to find a place for herself in the new Russian reality after  the fall  of the Eastern Block. Despite her experience in dissident activity she cannot find her place in the new women`s movement in Russia. The Russian women’s movement in 90’s had two main sources: women organizations originating from the Soviet times and the Russian feminist research institutes, which were cooperating with Western feminist organizations. Despite big popularity of women`s organization in the beginning nowadays Russia has got a problem with poor social and political activity of Russian women.  The author of the article indicates several reasons for such a situation.
PL
The article aims to reconstruct the history of women who created female Soviet samizdat Woman and Russia and magazine Maria. They are examples of  a postsoviet woman who needs to find a place for herself in the new Russian reality after  the fall  of the Eastern Block. Despite her experience in dissident activity she cannot find her place in the new women`s movement in Russia. The Russian women’s movement in 90’s had two main sources: women organizations originating from the Soviet times and the Russian feminist research institutes, which were cooperating with Western feminist organizations. Despite big popularity of women`s organization in the beginning nowadays Russia has got a problem with poor social and political activity of Russian women.  The author of the article indicates several reasons for such a situation.
EN
The article presents the evolution of the language of advertising from the 1960s to the present, presenting various images of women in advertising. Simultaneously a theoretical analysis has been carried out of the demands of second-wave feminism, which exerted significant influence on the creation of images of women in the mass media. The objective of our comparison of feminist theory with advertising practice is an attempt to answer the question of whether the present media image of women liberated from the binary sexual order and weighted towards the genderqueer and/or transgender phenomena is the desired realisation of the feminist demands for emancipation of and equality for women announced in the second half of the twentieth century.
PL
Dzięki obserwacji współczesnego ruchu feministycznego można dostrzec zaskakujące nieraz połączenia z dokonaniami poprzednich pokoleń działaczek kobiecych, ujawniające się w reinterpretowanych wciąż od nowa strategiach działania, jak sięganie do osobistego doświadczenia. Podnoszenie świadomości, ukształtowane w czasie drugiej fali zachodniego feminizmu, wpłynęło na realizacje artystyczne, w tym na feministyczny film dokumentalny lat 70. Celem artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie różnych sposobów realizowania strategii podnoszenia świadomości w Janie’s Janie Geri Ashur (we współpracy z Peterem Bartonem, Marilyn Mulford i Stephanie Palewski, 1970), The Woman’s Film San Francisco Newsreel (1971) i Rape JoAnn Elam (1975). Przybliżywszy samą kwestię podnoszenia świadomości, autorka demonstruje, jak struktura grup podejmujących tę aktywność przekłada się na analizowane prace dzięki m.in. „opowieściom pestkom”, niehierarchicznym relacjom między filmowczyniami a bohaterkami czy chwytom naruszającym strukturę rzeczywistości.
EN
Observation of the contemporary feminist movement brings to mind often surprising connections with the achievements of previous generations of feminist activists, revealed in the constantly reinterpreted strategies of action, such as reaching for personal experience. Shaped by the second wave of Western feminism, consciousness raising influenced artistic production, including feminist documentary filmmaking of the 1970s. The aim of the article is to characterize the various implementations of consciousness raising strategies in Janie’s Janie (dir. Geri Ashur in collaboration with Peter Barton, Marilyn Mulford, and Stephanie Palewski, 1970), The Woman’s Film (dir. San Francisco Newsreel, 1971) and Rape (dir. JoAnn Elam, 1975). After introducing the concept of consciousness raising itself, the author shows how the structure of consciousness raising groups is being translated into the analysed works by means of “kernel stories”, non-hierarchical relationships between female filmmakers and their subjects, or devices that violate the reality structure, among others.
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