Search results

1

Routine But Ribald. Intimacy in Stefan Żeromski’s Journals

100%

Kościewicz K., Uniwersytet w Białymstoku I. F. P., kkosciewicz@gmail.com

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica

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2016

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vol. 37

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issue 7

EN

Stefan Żeromski’s Journals concern mostly matters of intellectual (book, theatre, and exhibition reviews, writing techniques) and personal character, with the latter including some very intimate material. Żeromski was an exhibitionist in his writing. He described his autoerotic practices, his visits to brothels, details of sexual relationships with his mistresses, as well as some personal problems of his friends and acquaintances. The present analysis of the writer’s Journals focuses on how Żeromski tended to write about his intimate life, what matters and to what extent were treated as taboo by the author himself, by people from his closest circle, by readers of the manuscript version of his Journals, and finally, by editors and publishers of two 20th-century editions of his work. Taking this perspective, the close reading of Żeromski’s Journals will thus concentrate on issues such as private life, taboo, censorship and self-censorship.

2

Journalists under attack: self-censorship as an unperceived method for avoiding hostility

100%

Himma-Kadakas M., Ivask S.

Central European Journal of Communication

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2022

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vol. 15

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issue 3(32)

359-378

EN

This study investigates journalists’ self-censorship and introduces a phenomenon of unperceived collective self-censorship that demands a combination of detection methods. We conducted a content analysis of media critique texts (N=156) that discuss attacks on Estonian journalism. These results were combined with the content analysis of journalistic roles in the news (N=2409) and a survey on journalists (N=99) and completed with semi-structured interviews (N=14). The findings showed that accusations against journalists were frequently related to discourses regarding journalists’ interventionist or watchdog roles. Juxtaposing these results with quantitative data, it became evident that when aspects of interventionist and watchdog roles were criticized in the media texts, the performance of these roles decreased in the news. However, journalists’ self-assessment does not show the perception of this change. We argue that self-censorship was created unknowingly within the newsroom. External pressures – such as politically motivated attacks on journalism – may promote unperceived self-censorship.

3

Routine But Ribald. Intimacy in Stefan Żeromski’s Journals

100%

Kościewicz K.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica

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2016

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vol. 37

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issue 7

203-220

EN

Stefan Żeromski’s Journals concern mostly matters of intellectual (book, theatre, and exhibition reviews, writing techniques) and personal character, with the latter including some very intimate material. Żeromski was an exhibitionist in his writing. He described his autoerotic practices, his visits to brothels, details of sexual relationships with his mistresses, as well as some personal problems of his friends and acquaintances. The present analysis of the writer’s Journals focuses on how Żeromski tended to write about his intimate life, what matters and to what extent were treated as taboo by the author himself, by people from his closest circle, by readers of the manuscript version of his Journals, and finally, by editors and publishers of two 20th-century editions of his work. Taking this perspective, the close reading of Żeromski’s Journals will thus concentrate on issues such as private life, taboo, censorship and self-censorship.

4

Tłumacz jako istota historyczna: o (auto)cenzurze w pierwszym polskim przekładzie Anne of Green Gables oraz Anne of Avonlea Lucy Maud Montgomery w świetle koncepcji dziejów efektywnych Hansa-Georga Gadamera

88%

Piecychna B.

Acta Neophilologica

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2021

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vol. XXIII/1

279-304

EN

The main objective of this paper is to uncover potential historical sources and traces of self-censorship, which in the first Polish rendition of both Anne of Green Gables and Anne of Avonlea by Lucy Maud Montgomery have manifested themselves on the following levels: stylistic and lexical means, the translation of culture-specific elements and characteristics of the main protagonist. The analysis of the many culture-specific items which were naturalized by Rozalia Bernsteinowa, author of the first Polish renditions of the two volumes of Montgomery’s famous series under investigation, allow the author of the paper to put forward a tentative translatological hypothesis which posits that by resorting to self-censorship the literary translator attempts to maintain both a sense of cultural stability and the strong feeling of national identity among the target audience, which is always determined by the impact exerted on the translator’s decisions by so-called effective history, a concept delineated by Hans-Georg Gadamer. This hermeneutically-oriented paper also wishes to deploy one of the most important hermeneutic tenets into an analysis of the said translations. By doing so, the author of the article intends to contribute to the now developing field referred to as translational hermeneutics.

5

China’s influence on Taiwan’s media and politics

88%

Hsu C.-J.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2018

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issue 4

173-190

EN

Taiwan’s democracy and freedom of the press provide the Chinese authorities with an opportunity to use Taiwanese businessmen to influence Taiwan’s media outlets and politics. China uses three inter-related strategies to influence Taiwan’s media in this way: persuading businessmen with pro-China views to purchase Taiwanese media outlets, pressuring existing media owners, and placing advertisements in Taiwan’s media in order to purchase political influence. In addition, the Chinese government also employs cyber-propaganda strategy to attack Taiwanese political parties and politicians.

6

Self-Censorship Between Self-Ridicule and Self-Reflection

88%

Jakimiak A.

Didaskalia. Gazeta Teatralna

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2022

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issue 168

200-232

EN

This essay investigates the notion of humour as a tool used to highlight the acts of self-censorship in theatre and performing arts and its subversive potential. By referring to the examples from the process of working on the Imaginary Europe performance directed by Oliver Frljić, the essay problematizes the acts of self-prevention committed by artists who decide to withdraw a certain figure of speech in order not to cause harm towards minorities or underprivileged groups. I revisit theories that tackle humour and reveal its complexity (Billig, McGowan and Zupančič), and I refer to the work of artists who combine humour with self-reflection in the process of undermining and questioning theatrical hierarchies and mechanisms of power.

7

The cinematographic representation of social frames

63%

Bejko J.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2018

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vol. 23

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issue 32

EN

The author of the essay titled «The Cinematographic Representation of Social Frames» analyzes images in the context of representing physical and ontological aspects of reality. He considers Albanian Communist Cinema (1952–1991) taking into consideration the viewer’s perspective in which cinema is treated as a metaphorical place when people learn to read images and can think through images. The author also focuses on following issues: processes of individualization, representation and the problematisation of subjectivity.

8

Extremism in a classroom: topics discussed and Estonian teachers' experiences and self-reflective choices

63%

Maiberg H., Kilp A.

Society Register

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2022

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vol. 6

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issue 1

107-128

EN

Violent acts motivated by extreme interpretations of ideologies (right-wing, left-wing, religions, etc.) catch a lot of attention and cause serious deep emotions such as fear, hate, uncertainty, support polarization of society, and stigmatization of certain people, things, and societal groups. However, little attention has been given to how educators have addressed issues of violent radicalisation, extremism and terrorism with their students. According to Vallinkoski et al., 2021 as schools are one of the primary settings where most children spend their time, educators are needed to help children foster these (critical media reading and interpreting skills) skills to support students in understanding the reasons behind and aftermath of extremist events. This article gives overview of the results of a pilot study focusing on Estonian educators' experiences with discussing and tackling extremism in a classroom. The study examines educators' experiences in discussing topics related to extremism with students and colleagues and an overview of topics that students have raised. It also answers whether educators self-censorship themselves in discussing topics related to extremism and if so, what are the reasons for doing that. The study's questionnaire is created based on a similar study conducted in Finland by Vallinkoski, Koirikivi and Malkki (2021) with the permission of the authors and with adaptions for the Estonian context. The study results show that Estonian teachers discuss the extremism-related context in classroom by their and students' initiative. While doing it, they face difficulties in defining 'extremism', understanding how to interpret the students reactions and ideas, and when to contact further counterparts.

9

Moments of liberty. (Self-)censorship Games in the Essays of Virginia Woolf

63%

Pająk P.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica

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2017

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vol. 45

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issue 7

283-301

EN

What is surprising in Virginia Woolf’s essays is the scale and the audacity of her intellectual searches – in the time of increased repressive censorship and growing totalitarianisms, she approached the themes of freedom which have remained controversial ever since. The article presents the essayistic nature as a strategy applied by Woolf in her personal essays to avoid censorship, and intentionally expand the limits of freedoms important to her. The author offers an outline of the mechanism of repressive censorship and the chilling effect it worked in the interwar United Kingdom based on the examples of suspensions of outstanding modernist works and show-trials of writers. She presents three areas of study of freedom in Woolf’s essays: women’s emancipation, tolerance towards non-heteronormative persons, and pacifism, as well as the areas of private and public (self-)censorship which existed therein.

10

Politicization as a Factor of Shaping News in the Public Service Media : A Case Study on Public Television in Poland

51%

Węglińska A., Szurmiński Ł., Wąsicka-Sroczyńska M.

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

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2021

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vol. 72

29-51

PL

Niniejsze opracowanie dotyczy pozycji polskiej telewizji publicznej (TVP) w systemie politycznym kraju. W demokratycznym państwie prawa dotyczące mediów określają praktyki dziennikarskie i ich zawartość. W niniejszym badaniu wykorzystano trzy perspektywy badawcze do oceny związku między procesem upolitycznienia a selekcją i kształtowaniem wiadomości. Skoncentrowano się na trzech obszarach upolitycznienia TVP – prawie medialnym, dziennikarzach i treściach medialnych – aby pokazać zależności między nimi oraz sposób kształtowania i prezentowania wiadomości. Zastosowano mieszane metody badań empirycznych do zbadania poruszonych przez autorów zagadnień. W celu weryfikacji problemu badawczego przeprowadzono analizy sprawozdań z obrad polskiego parlamentu (N = 45) dotyczących regulacji prawnych polskich nadawców publicznych w latach 2015–2016; wywiady pogłębione z dziennikarzami w TVP (N = 20); i analizę treści programu informacyjnego „Wiadomości” TVP1 w okresie 4–10 lutego 2019 r. Autorzy stwierdzili, że czynnik jakim jest upolitycznienie TVP oddziałał na praktykę dziennikarską i zawartość przekazu informacyjnego stacji.

EN

This study addresses the positioning of Poland’s public television network (TVP) within the country’s contemporary political system. In a democratic country, the media laws determine journalism practices and the media content. In this study, three perspectives of analysis were used to assess the relationship between the process of politicization and the selection and shaping of news. Three areas of the TVP’s politicization were focused on: media law, journalists, and media content, to show the dependence between these fields and how the news was shaped and presented. Mixed methods of empirical research were used to investigate the raised issues; the authors focused on Polish parliament papers (N = 45) regarding the legal regulations of Polish public broadcasters during the period of 2015–2016; conducted in-depth interviews with journalists with TVP experience (N = 20); and performed a content analysis of the Polish public television channel TVP1’s “Newsnight” news program during the period of February 4–10, 2019. We found that an increased level of politicization at Poland’s TVP led to direct influence on the shape and selection of news.

11

Politika interpretace v Pozemské poezii Milana Blahynky

51%

Andreas P.

Česká literatura (Czech Literature)

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2013

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vol. 61

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issue 3

351-368

EN

The literary criticism programme Pozemská poezie (1977) is one of the most systematic and representative attempts a the time to construct and legitimize the genealogy of "Socialist poetry". Its author Milan Blahynka advocated the canon of the official line of Czech poetry preferred by the regime, and its publication marked the peak of his political engagement as a literary critic. However, Pozemská poezie is not an authentic expression of the author´s ideas and critical views. This study focuses on the interests which structured Pozemská poezie, i.e.: 1) the verifiable aspects of the author´s intentions and the conception behind the book; 2) censorship and self-censorship in the manuscript during review; and 3) primarily verifiable politically motivated self-censorship tactics in the author´s writing and interpretation. In Pozemská poezie we can clearly identify two stages in the alterations, namely: 1) Self-censorship in articles which the critic wrote in the first half of the 1970s, in which he curtailed his criticism of earlier dogmatists who identified with normalization culture; 2) politically motivated alternations made by the critic in line with the instructions of reviewers and editors at Československý spisovatel in texts written before 1968: this includes the omission of several studies of unsuitable authors and the removal of the names of several others (and their replacement by cryptonyms). These structural alterations in the manuscript (e.g. name deletions, use of cryptonyms, excision of negative assessments) to a certain extent distorted the original aims: Pozemski poezie was meant to be somewhat more "liberal". The extent of this distortion remains unclear, however, as we have only partial knowledge of the author´s overall conception of the book and the intentions involved.

CS

Programová kniha literární kritiky Pozemská poezie (1977) je jedním z nejsystematičtějších a nejreprezentativnějších dobových pokusů konstruovat a legitimizovat genealogii tzv. socialistické poezie. Jejím prostřednictvím se její autor Milan Blahynka přihlásil ke kánonu oficiální, režimem preferované linie české poezie a jejím vydáním vyvrcholila jeho politická angažovanost jako literárního kritika. Přesto není Pozemská poezie autentickým výrazem autorových koncepcí a kritických názorů. V této studii se zaměřuji na zájmy, které Pozemskou poezii strukturovaly, to jest: 1) doložitelné aspekty autorského záměru a koncepce knihy, 2) zásahy cenzurního (respektive autocenzurního) rázu do rukopisu během lektorování a 3) doložitelné politicky motivované, především autocenzurní taktiky autorova psaní a interpretace. V Pozemské poezii můžeme s jistotou identifikovat dvě fáze úprav. Jsou jimi: 1) Autocenzura statí, které kritik psal v první polovině 70. let a v nichž omezil kritiku těch dřívějších dogmatiků, kteří se ztotožnili s normalizační kulturou. 2) Politicky motivované úpravy, které kritik provedl dle pokynů lektorů a redakce Československého spisovatele v textech vzniklých před rokem 1968: Spadá sem vynechání několika studií o nevyhovujících autorech a vyškrtnutí (nahrazení kryptonymy) jmen několika dalších. Tyto strukturní úpravy rukopisu (škrtání jmen, používání kryptonymů, vyřazení záporného hodnocení) původní záměr do jisté míry deformovaly: Pozemská poezie měla být o něco „liberálnější“. Úvahy o míře této deformace však zůstávají omezeny, neboť celkovou koncepci knihy a s ní spojený autorský záměr neznáme.

12

Kościół – Partia – teatr: Cenzura rozproszona w PRL

51%

Kościelniak M.

Pamiętnik Teatralny

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2023

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issue 4(287)

139-163

EN

This article analyzes the events around the attempt of Catholic Church officials to block the premiere of Odpocznij po biegu (Rest after the Race), a play based on Władysław Terlecki’s novel, directed by Zygmunt Hübner (prem. 11 November 1976 in Teatr Powszechny, Warsaw). The author demonstrates the mechanisms of censorship in the Polish People’s Republic based on correspondence, partly unknown before, between the Church, the government, and the theater, as well as juxtaposing media accounts about the play and the instructions and reports of state censorship. He posits that the identification of censorship with the institution of the Chief Office for the Control of the Press, Publications, and Public Performances (GUKPPiW), established in narratives about People’s Poland, is insufficient and erroneous. Instead, he proposes an approach drawing on the concept of diffuse censorship, understood as a practice resulting from the interconnections and interdependencies between the Church, the Party, and the theater, in which the office of state censorship was not the only agent. These interconnections were particularly important in cases involving the protection of religious feelings.

PL

Tekst jest analizą wydarzeń związanych z podjętą przez hierarchów Kościoła katolickiego próbą zablokowania premiery spektaklu Odpocznij po biegu w reż. Zygmunta Hübnera (prem. 11 listopada 1976 w Teatrze Powszechnym w Warszawie). Autor ukazuje mechanizmy działania cenzury w PRL na podstawie częściowo nieznanej korespondencji na linii Kościół – rząd – teatr oraz zestawienia medialnych przekazów na temat spektaklu z instrukcjami i raportami państwowej cenzury. Stawia tezę, że obowiązujące w narracjach dotyczących Polski Ludowej utożsamienie cenzury z instytucją GUKPPiW jest niewystarczające i błędne. W zamian proponuje ujęcie zgodne z koncepcją cenzury rozproszonej, rozumianej jako praktyka wynikająca z powiązań i zależności pomiędzy Kościołem, Partią i teatrem, w których urząd państwowej cenzury nie był jedyną instancją. Powiązania te miały szczególne znaczenie w przypadkach dotyczących ochrony uczuć religijnych.

13

Stanisław Grzesiuk w objęciach cenzury

38%

Pachocki D.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica

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2022

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vol. 64

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issue 1

379-397

EN

The article presents issues related to the publishing fate of the entire literary output of Stanisław Grzesiuk. It consists of three autobiographical novels: Pięć lat kacetu [Five years of a camp], Boso, ale w ostrogach [Barefoot, but in spurs] and Na marginesie życia [On the Margins of Life]. The editions that were published during the writer’s lifetime were subjected to various types of interference. The most important factor that influenced the final form of the text was institutional censorship. In addition, the author changed his works under the pressure of the publisher, the family and as part of the implementation of the court settlement. The editors of the new edition of Grzesiuk’s works, which was published in 2018 by the Pruszyński i S-ka publishing house, made an attempt to reconstruct texts from before non-author’s changes. The comparison of these editions with the first editions and manuscripts proves that the publishing house has made many incomprehensible decisions that may have an impact on the incorrect reception of the author’s message.

PL

W artykule prezentowane są zagadnienia związane z wydawniczymi losami całości literackiego dorobku Stanisława Grzesiuka. Składają się nań trzy autobiograficzne powieści: Pięć lat kacetu, Boso, ale w ostrogach oraz Na marginesie życia. Wydania, które ukazały się za życia pisarza były poddawane różnego typu ingerencjom. Najważniejszym czynnikiem, który miał wpływ na ostateczna postać tekstu była instytucjonalna cenzura. Ponadto autor zmieniał swoje utwory pod wpływem nacisków wydawcy, rodziny oraz w ramach realizacji sądowej ugody. Redaktorzy nowej edycji dzieł Grzesiuka, która ukazała się w 2018 roku w wydawnictwie Pruszyński i S-ka, podjęli próbę rekonstrukcji tekstów sprzed pozaautorskich zmian. Zestawienie tych wydań z pierwodrukami i rękopisami dowodzi, iż wydawnictwo podjęło wiele niezrozumiałych decyzji, które mogą mieć wpływ na błędną recepcję autorskiego przekazu.

Refine search results

Routine But Ribald. Intimacy in Stefan Żeromski’s Journals

Journalists under attack: self-censorship as an unperceived method for avoiding hostility

Routine But Ribald. Intimacy in Stefan Żeromski’s Journals

Tłumacz jako istota historyczna: o (auto)cenzurze w pierwszym polskim przekładzie Anne of Green Gables oraz Anne of Avonlea Lucy Maud Montgomery w świetle koncepcji dziejów efektywnych Hansa-Georga Gadamera

China’s influence on Taiwan’s media and politics

Self-Censorship Between Self-Ridicule and Self-Reflection

The cinematographic representation of social frames

Extremism in a classroom: topics discussed and Estonian teachers' experiences and self-reflective choices

Moments of liberty. (Self-)censorship Games in the Essays of Virginia Woolf

Politicization as a Factor of Shaping News in the Public Service Media : A Case Study on Public Television in Poland

Politika interpretace v Pozemské poezii Milana Blahynky

Kościół – Partia – teatr: Cenzura rozproszona w PRL

Stanisław Grzesiuk w objęciach cenzury