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EN
The problem of philosophical foundations of the theories of prebiological evolution and life’s origin has been vividly discussed in the recent years. As it outcomes, the opinion according which a “mature” branch of science can and should be “philosophy- free” (expressed by academic philosophers of neopositivistic orientation) is, unfortunately, shared sometimes also by scientists themselves. In the present article it is argued that the lack of philosophical consciousness by some origin-of-life researchers may deeply cause an erroneous presentation of this branch of science.
PL
Problem filozoficznych podstaw nauki o biogenezie był w ostatnich latach przedmiotem ożywionych dyskusji na łamach czasopism z zakresu biologii teoretycznej. Jak się okazało, głoszony przez akademickich filozofów (orientacji pozytywistycznej) pogląd, wedle którego „dojrzała” nauka może i powinna być wolna od filozoficznych uwarunkowań, znajduje wciąż zwolenników wśród samych badaczy. Konsekwencją przyjęcia takiego poglądu jest brak możliwości adekwatnego przedstawienia dokonań tej dziedziny badań w wymiarze teoretycznym (nie zaś wyłącznie empirycznym).
EN
Ewa Partum’s conceptual art of the early 1970s consisted in creating a new artistic language but at the same time it bore some traits of feminism and was marked by the figure of what might be called “the touch of a woman”. The artist's self-organizational activities which took the form of establishing and running of an alternative art gallery called “Adres” can be also considered as self-emancipatory feminist practice. The gallery was instrumental in Partum’s attempts at producing symbolic capital for herself and taking a position in the field of Polish and international neo-avant-garde.
EN
Findings: The analysis shows that teal management – based on self-organization – may prove to be an opportunity for companies to adapt to changing circumstances. The teal organization concept is a true revolution in modern management, as it rejects all systems and previously immutable rules of the business world. The subject requires further empirical research. Purpose: The article is a review aimed at presenting the concept of and available knowledge on teal organizations and at indicating further research objectives. Methodology: Research methods employed in the study included a systematic review of the literature, along with its critical analysis and logical deduction. Research limitations: Limitations apply to both the concept of teal organizations itself and the literature review. Since the teal organization concept was established in 2015, there is a lack of reviews and scientific studies or in-depth empirical research on this topic. Thus, the articles included in the review do not exhaust the issue. Implications: The issues discussed in the article require further scientific research, primarily empirical. The said research should cover various aspects, such as building a culture of trust and self-organization, leadership (3.0), management through values, and new management methods. Value: This is the first publication in this field that falls within this research gap. This study constitutes a significant contribution to the development of research on the concept of teal organizations.
Przegląd Krytyczny
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2023
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vol. 5
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issue 2
33-52
EN
The crisis leads to multiple denials in the face of everyday life and the conditions of reproduction of work it imposes. In this paper, I describe the basic denials in spaces of creative resistance in Athens during multiple crises. Through a systematic study of collaborative economy spaces, solidarity structures, and independent art spaces, I discern a progression of individuals from denial to creation and ultimately to action. I also strive to articulate the emerging modes of mobilization within these spaces. Faced with this reality, the act of denial emerges as the primary and transformative catalyst, sparking the forces of creativity and resistance. The denials of everyday life imposed by neoliberalism, as witnessed in Athens during the crisis, resulted in the creation of autonomous and self-organized spaces.
XX
All societies are characterized by the presence of certain mechanisms responsible for their functioning. Those mechanisms ensure good reproduction the patterns of expression and interpretation of each indy- vidual and strengthen social bonds, making it conducive to the consolidation of the community. These mechanisms are often bureaucratically organized in forms of an institutional activities. This article takes the issue of the informal transfer of knowledge and experience between the different generations, and also the impact of grassroots and anarchistic self-organization of the local community in Krobia. Connections based on informal relations between the younger and older members of the community are an extremely important part of building local identity and improving the functioning of the organized community. As shown in this article, those informal relations are a particularly important element of differentiation of the local community in Krobia, because they are completely independent from institutional initiatives, spontaneously formed in the projects of varying themes, and finally, they are common and very important to the local community.
EN
With the rise of Maidan phenomenon and unfolding the deep crisis in all spheres of life in Ukraine the problem of national identity and upbringing of the new Ukrainian civil society became the real challenge. On the one hand, Ukrainian people are striving for conservation of their national identity which somebody just finds in time when Maidan detonated their patriotism. On the contrary, the surge of our national pride mustn’t become arrogant like an obstacle on our way to organic confluence with European community. Correct favourable decision about national identity will guarantee Ukraine forming as economically and politically strong European state. National identity problem in the context of the upbringing of new elite and controlling the aggression in society is investigated in the article.
8
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Social Politics of Civil Society

75%
EN
This paper presents a cross-cultural overview of the features of the dynamics of the perception of the concepts of “society”, “politics”, and “state”. The work raises the issue of complex and multifaceted individual consciousness of understanding policy. Authors formulate this aspect from the perspective of historical dynamics and propose to explore the process of transformation of the ancient city-state and flowing therefrom political relations in the modern state with its complex political system. It was stressed that the problem of understanding the nature and role of social policy is complicated by language as well as etymological and conceptual differences.
EN
The main problems associated with the need and possibilities of formation of conscious civic involvement in Ukraine. Argued proven that adequate support for this process involves reliance on the appropriate level of personal consciousness, defined the concept of «citizenship» means: the maturity of the political and legal consciousness, a sense of personal involvement in the history and present of the country, awareness of itself as a full citizen social community. Displaying objective conditions of social activity in Ukraine. It was found that for civic engagement indicate that voluntary desire of the population to defend their country, to determine a stable tendency to overcome the crisis of identity, the awareness of the bulk of the population of individual responsibility for the country. The main forms of civic participation, active involvement of members of society in the management of public and state affairs, the impact on management decisions and monitoring their implementation, the development of various forms of self-defense and self-organization, and others. The example of Donbass occupied followed social settings influence the formation of the identity of the region. Discovered stabilizing role of decentralization and establishing full main directions of civil society
EN
Local communities in non- Western countries are often treated by international institutions as rather passive subjects, which need to be taught by experts and re-organized according to Western socioeconomic models (Hobart 1993). As a result of such an approach, many development agencies tend to overlook and omit the locals’ own forms of social activity and their ideas of self-organization. In this article I would like to focus on the bottomup process of change in contemporary Mongolia and the Mongolians’ own idiomatic ideas and practices of initiating and arranging development. I refer to research conducted in the Bulgan Sum (district), which is located on the southern slopes of the Altai. I have been conducting fieldwork among contemporary Torghuts since 2012. I mainly focus on the posttransitional economic activities in Bulgan, which involve collective management of goods (Empson 2014) and many new kinds of business related to cross-border trade. In the study I write about informal networks of businessmen and their way of fostering kinship relations in business. In this context I analyze the activity of the ‘Torgon Nutag Club’, established by a group of Torguud businessmen, who initiated and organized numerous social and cultural events and celebrations in their hometown. The majority of club members live in Ulaanbaatar, in the so-called ‘Torghut Town’, which can now be considered one of the main intellectual centres where the Torghuts are active. What is particularly important here is that in this way the Torghuts create not only spontaneous and original social organizations, but also the idioms of spiritually-benefi cial action, thus stimulating elements of a common fate, fortune-prosperity, life energy and potency.
EN
The results of the experimental work are to clarify the mechanisms of self-efficiency in the educational process of the school. The study is the implementation in practice of educational institution the structural components that are based on self-organization of the students and their parents and experimental substantiation of their activity. During the study the following methods were used: the methods of theoretical modeling – to build innovative organizational components of secondary schools; physical fitness tests – to determine the health rating of the pupils; screening questionnaire state of health of adolescents; teacher testing to determine the level of formation of competence of the individual component physical training adolescents; pedagogical experiment. The innovative components (bodies of sports self-adolescents and their parents) that were tested in the experiment are in close relationship with the government in education (pedagogical councils, student associations (councils (Senate), sport club), methodical associations of the teachers and the administration of secondary schools. It was also implemented algorithm to realize the educational objectives of the school. According to it the task of society associated with the formation of a healthy younger generation directs the administration of secondary schools (according to the Law of Ukraine «On General Secondary Education») and family parents (according to the «Family Code of Ukraine»). Further tasks are directed not only to the teachers of physical education and a teacher, as in a traditional school, but also to the pupils (according to age) and their parents (within the competence). It is established that public authorities sports movement adolescents (bodies of sports self) positively affect the state of physical fitness and the formation of personal physical training of the teenagers and helps to prevent psychosomatic disorders in adolescents and can overcome the negative trend at the level of formation physical education and raise the level of conscious attitude to the teenagers by means of physical training and active leisure. In order to clarify the correlation interdependence of the studied parameters («health rating» of complaints about the level of personal well-being and physical training) and developed organizational and pedagogical technologies, as well as the contribution of each of them in the terms of improving the physical education of adolescents in leisure activity, There is a need for thorough mathematical analysis.
EN
Purpose. Search of optimal ways for personal and professional life-long self-perfection of a person in accordance with theoretical and methodological principles of the synergetic pedagogics gives an opportunity to explain in particular the essence of paradoxical dichotomy: on one hand it is structuredness, predictability, adaptability and on the other hand it is elements of chaos, spontaneity and inability to predict the final result. Methods – practical and theoretical. Results. A topical conception meeting the needs of lifelong education is the conception of personality development in the context of the synergetic pedagogics. In accordance with this conception a very important role belongs to the individually oriented educational process related with passing from education to self-education or self-regulated education. One of the newest ideas relating to the modern views on the professional development is heutagogy. It researches organizational peculiarities of autonomous, self-guided education. Heutagogy as a methodological style of lifelong education is embodied in the educational activity that takes place mainly in the plane of informal type of learning but in case of necessity its principles and technological approaches are appropriate to be applied in combination with pedagogic principles and principles of andragogy. Effective development of innovative culture of education, focused on the formation of self-sufficient, creative teacher is implemented in organic interaction with traditional pedagogical culture. Such interaction is manifested particularly in the integrated use of pedagogical, andragogical and heutagogical principles that opens new opportunities for professional development in the synergetic system of life-long education. During this development actualization of personality internal potential takes place.
EN
Recovering what speakers intend to communicate is widely recognized as the fundamental goal of linguistic understanding. Most scholars within linguistic pragmatics assume that intentions are private mental acts that operate prior to the performance of linguistic actions, and that listeners, once again, must somehow infer people’s inner intentions to understand what they mean in context. This article outlines some of the experimental evidence suggesting that intentions are critical in communication. However, my main goal is to suggest that intentional meaning is not necessarily a prior mental act that occurs before people speak, nor is the recovery of a person’s so-called intentions the main goal of linguistic interaction. I describe a self-organizational approach that explains how linguistic utterances may be enacted in an intentional way without there being underlying intentions driving these actions. This perspective offers a vision of pragmatic linguistic action that encompasses the totality of people’ s behaviors when coordinating with others.
EN
In confronting F. de Saussure’s Cours de linguistique générale with S. Kauffman’s Investigations, it is possible to observe a hint of convergence of understanding the system, its development. Nevertheless, in grasping the language metaphor of life, what I primarily find is a clear correspondence between neo-Darwinism and linguistic structuralism (in relation to evolution, or more precisely to language development/speech behaviour). What is chaotic for neo-Darwinism and linguistic structuralism (again in relation to the development of life/speech) can be self-organized for biological structuralism. This text demonstrates the relations between the methodologies of the appropriate sciences and the types of order that can be described/discovered by them.
PL
Przez długi okres historii problemy niepełnosprawności i rehabilitacji były rozpatrywane głównie w kontekście patologii. Pod koniec XX w. w formalny sposób ukonstytuowała się psychologia pozytywna, która koncentruje się na dodatnich stronach psychospołecznego funkcjonowania człowieka. Nauka o szczęściu i ludzkich siłach ujmuje problemy rehabilitacji w kategoriach teorii systemowych, a dokładniej w kontekście samoorganizującego się systemu (self-organizing, autopoietic). W procesie utrzymania samoorganizacji systemu szczególną rolę pełni ruch i mowa, co ma wyraźne implikacje dla rehabilitacji, w tym dla terapii ukierunkowanej na potraumatyczny wzrost (posttraumatic growth). Podkreślenie przez psychologię pozytywną potencjału tkwiącego w człowieku np. prężności (resilience), samostanowienia (self-determination), umożliwiło uzupełnienie tradycyjnego podejścia do rehabilitacji wspieraniem korzystnych procesów i dodatnich aspektów psychospołecznego rozwoju i funkcjonowania osób z niepełnosprawnością.
EN
Throughout history, problems of disability and rehabilitation were considered mainly in the context of pathology. However, at the end of the twentieth century, positive psychology was officially formed. It focuses on the positive sides of psycho-social human functioning. The science of happiness and human strength captures the problems of rehabilitation in terms of systemictheories; more specifically, in the context of a self-organizing system (autopoietic). In the process of maintaining the self-organization of a system, movement and speech have a special role. This has clear implications for rehabilitation, including therapies aimed at posttraumatic growth. Emphasized by positive psychology, the potential of human resilience e.g., self-determination, has made it possible to supplement the traditional approach to rehabilitation by supporting beneficial processes and positive aspects of psycho-social development and functioning of people with disabilities.
EN
In the article I present the results of an exploratory study of Polish parliament based on the concept of self-organizing systems formulated by W. Ross Ashby. This conceptual framework seems useful for parliamentary studies as it helps to determine the necessary conditions for a group to be a self-organizing system. The study shows that Polish parliamentary teams could be included into this category. The empirical part of the study utilized data regarding the Polish Sejm and Senate between 2007 and 2011. Internal regulations of the teams, their party composition and activities have been studied with the use of qualitative research tools.
PL
Prof. dr hab. n. med. MIECZYSŁAW CHORĄŻY – absolwent Akademii Medycznej w Warszawie. Od roku 1952 pracuje w Centrum Onkologii – Instytutu im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie, Oddział w Gliwicach, Centrum Badań Translacyjnych i Biologii Molekularnej Nowotworów. Przez 32 lata był kierownikiem Zakładu Biologii Nowotworów. W latach 1973-91 był jednym z pełnomocników dyrektora Instytutu do spraw rozbudowy Centrum Onkologii w Gliwicach. Doktor honoris causa Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Białymstoku i Katowicach. Członek rzeczywisty Polskiej Akademii Nauk, członek czynny Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności. Obszar zainteresowań: biologia i biologia molekularna raka, struktura DNA, mutagenne i uszkadzające chromosomy/DNA działanie zanieczyszczeń powietrza, biologia systemów. Były członek rad naukowych kilku instytutów badawczych, członek krajowych i zagranicznych towarzystw naukowych. Honorowy Obywatel Miasta Biała Podlaska.
EN
The phenomenon of self-organization of matter is well known in physics and chemistry, and for a few decades, we have had evidences that self-organization is an essential element of building structures and functions in living systems. Presumably the process of self-organization has taken place in shaping the chemical prebiotical structures and then in organizing them and forming in complex systems exhibiting the attributes of life. In this essay the author presents the basic features of self-organization, examples of self-organization on chemistry and biology and the basic elements of the functioning of complex systems, where self-organization is the primary agent of action. The phenomenon of self-organization is a new element in the discussion on the evolution of the living world and poses a challenge for the concept of natural
18
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Majdan: rewolucja po ukraińsku

63%
Zoon Politikon
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2016
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issue 7
115-134
PL
Artykuł stanowi próbę znalezienia odpowiedzi na szereg powiązanych ze sobą pytań dotyczących ruchu protestu, jaki miał miejsce na Ukrainie pod koniec 2013 r. i na początku 2014 r., a także oceny jego głównych konsekwencji: kto i w jakim celu uczestniczył w wydarzeniach, w jaki sposób te grupy były zorganizowane, jakie cele udało się osiągnąć, a jakie zostały odsunięte w czasie. Opracowanie opiera się przede wszystkim na socjologicznych metodach ilościowych, niemniej bierze również pod uwagę szereg czynników psychologicznych i antropologicznych. Odrębnie przeanalizowana została rola sieci społecznościowych i środków komunikacji Web 2.0.
EN
The aim of the article is to find aswers to a number of questions on protests in Ukraine at the end of 2013 and at the beginning of 2014: who and what for took part in the protests, how the groups of opponetst were organised; what golas were reached and which were postponed? The article is based on sociological quantitative methods, but also on psychological and antropological factors. The role of social networks and means of commmuncation Web 2.0 is also analized.
EN
The article presents the history and key turning points in the development of the “Sokół” Gymnastic Society in Lviv in the years 1866–1880. On the example of this association, the internal dynamics of the formation of a social organization were analyzed, which appear to be more complex than in the case of bureaucratic or business structures. Attention was drawn to the important dimensions of the organization’s functioning: goals, the way of exercising power, the membership base and finances, which constitute a real challenge also in case of modern entities. The history of „Sokół” shows that the final shape of a given initiative is determined by various factors and processes occurring both in the environment and in the organization itself. At the same time, it is proof of the universality and timelessness of the problems faced by activists of grassroots organizations set up to achieve socially useful purposes.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia historię i kluczowe punkty zwrotne rozwoju Towarzystwa Gimnastycznego Sokół we Lwowie w latach 1866–1880. Na przykładzie tego stowarzyszenia poddano analizie wewnętrzną dynamikę tworzenia się organizacji społecznej, która jest, jak się wydaje, bardziej złożona niż w wypadku struktur biurokratycznych lub biznesowych. Zwrócono ponadto uwagę na istotne wymiary funkcjonowania organizacji: cele, sposób sprawowania władzy, baza członkowska czy finanse, które także we współczesnych podmiotach stanowią prawdziwe wyzwanie. Historia „Sokoła” pokazuje, że o ostatecznym kształcie danej inicjatywy decyduje wiele czynników i procesów, zachodzących zarówno w otoczeniu, jak i w samej organizacji. Jest to jednocześnie dowód na uniwersalność i ponadczasowość problemów, z jakimi mierzą się działacze organizacji tworzonych oddolnie, aby osiągać cele społecznie użyteczne.
EN
The effectiveness of the educational process is provided by a number of factors. One of the most important is the ability of a student to get new knowledge independently at different stages of professional development. The problem of self-organization of learning and cognitive activity of students deserves special attention of teachers. Analysis of psychological and pedagogical research on self-organization in education allows to distinguish several main areas: organization of independent work of students; forming rational learning activity; the relationship of self-organization of learning and motivation activities; the relationship of self-organization and self-control; creating a culture of self-organization. The article deals with the theoretical aspects of self-organization of learning and cognitive activity of students.Self-organization is linked to other concepts of “I”-Concept: self-actualization, self-analysis, self-education, self-control, self-regulation, self-assessment, self-knowledge and others. We note that student’s learning and cognitive activity is based on positive motivation, personal qualities of the student as a subject of study, and is aimed at teaching the student as a person who possesses the ability of self-organizing their own activities. Based on the analysis we can conclude “self-organization of learning and cognitive activity of students” is conscious activity of students associated with the ability to organize themselves in the learning process, which manifests itself in focus, activity, conscious motivation, planning its activities, independence, speed decision making and responsibility for them, critical assessment of the results of their actions, a sense of duty. In the process of self-organization skills and personal qualities that ensure the effectiveness of teaching and learning of students are formed. Self-organization of learning and cognitive activity of students contributes to the improvement of the learning process and organizes educational activities of students. The effectiveness of educational activity depends on student’s own efforts and attitudes. Prospects for further research are to establish and characterize components of self-organization of learning and cognitive activity of students; to study the technology of ensuring the effectiveness of self-organization of learning and cognitive activity of students in higher education.
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