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EN
This article addresses Pamela Sue Anderson’s philosophy of capability and vulnerability as an important contribution to the advancement of today’s feminist ethics. Following Paul Ricœur’s hermeneutics of l’homme capable, Anderson extends the phenomenological perspective of the capable human subject to embrace the distinctly feminine capability. She advocates for women’s recognizing and re-inventing of themselves as capable subjects, and claims that the perturbing initial loss of confidence in their reflective capacities can be redeemed via the transformations in women’s emotional and religious lives, as well as through their creative impulse. Locating in hermeneutics’ openness to ambiguity, incompleteness and insecurity a potential to unveil the non-transparent aspects of the assumed male-female equality, Anderson focuses on the interlocking aspect of human capability and vulnerability. She calls for transforming an ignorance of vulnerability into an ethical avowal of it. In reconfiguring patriarchal culture myths, Anderson sees the possibility of re-shaping our approach to vulnerability and capability, especially the human capacity for love.
EN
Anthropology and hermeneutics, two disciplines separated in the 19th century, were combined in the 20th. According to them is man a being who interprets itself. This purely formal description has to be filled up with content. How man sees himself depends from the idea he has about himself. Today’s sociobiologists and primatologists stress only a quantity difference between men and apes. This frees human being from self-admiration. I’d like to propose such a idea of man that uses the figure of the hermeneutical circle. According to it the results of empirical sciences and of human’s self-understanding condition each other. The fact that we are a product of biological evolution dismiss the exceptionality of our self-consciousness, and vice versa: this consciousness does not eliminate our self-understanding as a product of evolution. The huge role in our becoming humans plays the pair: a man and a woman, joined in an erotic relations that results in transcending the purely biologicaldimension of reality.
Research in Language
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2021
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vol. 19
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issue 4
353-367
EN
This paper sets to analyse the hermeneutical process of highlighting at work in the preface written by the North Irish poet Seamus Heaney to his retranslations of Beowulf (1999). My analysis takes into account the generic identity of the preface by considering it as a textual subgenre where the translator becomes a metatranslator to voice herself out of invisibility, engages in a (self-reflexive) hermeneutical analysis and “justification” by commenting on the choice of the translated work and their translation choices. The analysis is carried out with the help of two concepts elaborated by Gadamer: situatedness and self-understanding to show how Seamus Heaney fuses different horizons in the process of his retranslation.
PL
In my article I analyse relation of individual and community in Charles Taylor’s philosophy. This relation is presented on two problematic levels. On the first level he concentrates on political philosophy and the second one relates to subject and language. In his political philosophy Charles Taylor starts from liberal – communitarian debate which is a basis for his own position, so-called holistic individualism. It means that on the ontological level individual is unavoidable involved in bonds of community but on the level of preferences individualism is highly valued. On the second level Taylor tries to break extremes of structuralism and idealism. In this case he refers to hermeneutic philosophy and shows the subject as a dialogical one and as a co-author of rules which determine himself.Translated by Agata Miętek
EN
The article contains the results of research of self-attitude as a factor of self-realization of professional-creative potential of future practical psychologists. The essence of the concept of “self-attitude” is revealed, the structure of the phenomenon is analyzed, thepsychologicalcharacteristicsofstudents’ self-attitude of V and VI courses, speciality “Practical Psychology” are given. The research was aimed at studying the psychological characteristics of self-attitude of future psychologists who study at the V and VI courses at Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. Makarenko, specialty “Practical Psychology”. The experiment was attended by 30 students (15 students of the V course and 15 students of the VI course); 4 of them were boys and 26 were girls. In the study of self-attitude was applied the method of V. Stolin and questionnaire of personal orientation of E. Shostroma. The results of the study indicate that for graduating students of specialty “Practical Psychology” are habitual the high rates of self-acceptance, self-confidence, self-interest; expectation of positive attitude and ability to other close contacts. The low estrates of self-attitude were observed on indicator panel of “self-management”, “self-understanding”, and a large percentage of students of the V, VI courses have low level of self-esteem. Also in low level of development are such features as self-attitude, empathetic and reactive sensitivity, integrity and knowledge of human nature. The study allows to draw the conclusion that with a fairly developed properties of self-attitude of graduate students of specialty “PracticalPsychology”, some of its features require a higher level of development that can be achieved with special psycho-developing work during their university studies. This process will contribute to the special construction of educational process (application of active methods: trainings, business games, etc.), as well as the effective operation of university psychological services provided to increase the number of its employees. The prospects of further researches we see in the deep analysis of structure of self-understanding and self-attitude, and also in research of self-interest as a motivational component of self-understanding.
Studia Gilsoniana
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2018
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vol. 7
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issue 1
69-80
EN
From close to its inception, St. Augustine’s misunderstanding of the nature of ancient Greek philosophy, “Christian philosophy,” and the way the human soul essentially relates to human body caused formal Christian education to be (a) born in a somewhat unhealthy condition, (b) founded upon a devastating mistake of organizational self-misunderstanding, which essentially prevented it from comprehending how human reason could function both abstractly as a contemplative (or speculative) scientific intellect and concretely as a command and control prudential reason. This flaw in Augustinian psychology of the human person and Augustine’s misunderstanding of the nature of ancient Greek philosophy continued to influence Christian education from the start of the Christian West until the Christian and secular universities of today. For contemporary Christian education to preserve its identity in an increasingly fragmented world, a psychology of the human person adequate to explain the essential connection between the human soul and body and the nature of philosophy must replace this flawed Augustinian psychology that continues to plague the contemporary world.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie cech samostanowienia studentów w kontekście samodeterminacji ich rozwoju osobistego. Samostanowienie jest definiowane jako wielomodalny system wartości emocjonalnej, który jest zbudowany na zasadzie dynamicznej hierarchii i działa jako jedna z jednostek strukturalnych jądra dyspozycyjnego osobowości i struktury jej samoświadomości, wyraża cechy stosunku osoby do siebie i zapewnia centrowanie jej wewnętrznej przestrzeni i kształtowanie wektora sensu jej drogi życiowej. Pozytywna samoocena osobowości wraz z jej osobistymi aspiracjami i perspektywami, autonomią, poczuciem własnej skuteczności uważane są za wskaźnik samookreślenia osobowości. Korzystanie z kwestionariusza autotestu W.W. Stolina, S.R. Pantilejewa pozwala zidentyfikować trzy poziomy samostanowienia według stopnia uogólnienia: samostanowienie globalne; samostanowienie zróżnicowane przez poczucie własnej wartości, autosympatię, własne zainteresowanie i oczekiwaną postawę innych; poziom konkretnych działań (gotowość na nie) w odniesieniu do swojego «Ja». Analiza badania samostanowienia studentów daje podstawy do twierdzenia, że badani charakteryzują się ogólnie wysokimi wskaźnikami integralnego samostanowienia oraz wysokimi i średnimi wskaźnikami zróżnicowanych skal i skali postaw. W grupach studentów o wysokiej i niskiej samodeterminacji struktura samostanowienia różni się pod względem wyrazistości jej składników.
EN
The article analyzes peculiarities of students’ self-attitudes in the context of self-determination of their personal development. Self-attitude is defined as a poly-modal emotional-estimative system based on the principle of a dynamic hierarchy and acting as one of the structural units of a person’s dispositional core and a component of the structure of self-consciousness. Self-attitude expresses peculiarities of an individual’s attitude to oneself and provides centring of one’s inner space and formation of the semantic vector of one’s life path. Positive self-attitude along with personal aspirations and prospects, personal autonomy, self-efficacy is an indicator of a self-determined individual. The used questionnaire on self-attitude developed by V.V. Stolin, S.R. Pantileev allowed us to identify three levels of self-attitude according to the degree of its generalization: general self-attitude; self-attitude differentiated by self-regard, auto-sympathy, self-interest and expected attitude of others; the level of concrete actions (readiness for them) regarding Self. The analyses of students’ self-attitude has shown that the respondents are characterized by high indicators of general self-attitude and high and average lower-level indicators. The students with high and low self-determination have different expressiveness of the self-attitude components.
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