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Nominacje senatorskie na sejmach Rzeczypospolitej w latach 1661–1679

100%
Wierzbicki L.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2021
|
issue 4(165)
123-136
EN
In the 1660s and 1670s, the Senate of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth consisted of between 146 and 150 members. Appointments to senatorial offices could only be made by the King, and some of them took place during Sejm sessions. There were three types of nominations for senatorial offices. The first concerned those who entered the Senate. The second referred to those who sat in the Senate and who advanced in the senatorial hierarchy. The third referred to senators who were additionally granted a second senatorial office. During the 1661–1679 Sejm sessions discussed here, senatorial appointments were usually announced right at the beginning of the session, just after the King’s proposal or the senators’ votes, but many times such decisions were also taken at the end of the Sejm. Most senatorial appointments were made at the coronation Sejm, which inaugurated the proper reign of the King-elect (the Sejms of 1669 and 1676). At the Sejm sessions discussed here, which were held in the 1660s and 1670s, 113 people were nominated for senatorial offices.
2
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Senat w czasie panowania Wazów – jego miejsce w systemie parlamentarnym Rzeczypospolitej

100%
Korytko A.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2021
|
issue 6(167)
115–140
EN
The article analyses selected problems pertaining to the Senate – the upper chamber in the Parliament of the Commonwealth of Two Nations during the reign of the Vasa dynasty (1587–1668). The author characterises the Senate by discussing nominations, numbers, and precedence of the senators. Moreover, he presents certain aspects associated with the role and activity of the senators in the course of the pre-Sejm campaign and during Sejm debates. While describing the work carried out by the Polish-Lithuanian Parliament the author draws attention to the less than imposing attendance, the significance of senatorial wota (opinions and commentaries of senators), and the positive impact exerted by the Senate in the final phase of the Sejm – the conclusion. Upon the basis of the conducted analyses it becomes obvious that the Senate performed, not only in the course of the debates held by the Sejm, several roles – that of a parliamentary estate, an ‘intermediary estate’, and a guardian of law.
3
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Aktywność parlamentarna senatorów II Rzeczypospolitej na przykładzie obecności Narodowej Demokracji w Senacie II kadencji (1928–1930)

72%
Meller A.
Świat Idei i Polityki
|
2020
|
issue 19
58-78
PL
Artykuł przybliża mało zgłębiony przez badaczy temat aktywności parlamentarnej polityków Narodowej Demokracji na przykładzie Senatu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej II kadencji trwającej w latach 1928–1930. Wybory parlamentarne w 1928 r., w porównaniu do tych z 1922 r. zakończyły się dla obozu narodowego porażką, gdyż reprezentacja senacka skurczyła się do zaledwie dziewięciu polityków endeckich. W artykule dokonano próby przedstawienia struktury socjologicznej endeckich senatorów, a następnie ukazano udział narodowych demokratów w pracach w poszczególnych gremiach Senatu, tym samym przedstawiając ich realny wpływ na kształtowanie i przebieg prac izby wyższej, a także dokonano analizy myśli politycznej na podstawie wypowiedzi oraz aktywności senackiej endeków. Główne zagadnienia, które przykuwały uwagę senatorów-endeków to kwestie dotyczące: administracji państwowej, praworządności, rozwoju samorządu terytorialnego, edukacji oraz polityki zagranicznej.
EN
The following article provides an outline of a lesser known historical phenomenon related to the actions of Polish parliamentary politicians of the National Democracy (ND) formation in the years 1928-1930. In stark contrast to the elections of 1922, the elections of 1928 resulted in the defeat of the Nationalist camp, which ended up having only nine ND politicians. First, the article sketches a sociological map of ND senators. Secondly, it delves into the activities of senators in particular Senate boards, therefore explaining the real impact these people had on the workings of the higher chamber. Finally, an analysis of various statements is conducted with the aim of summarising the political views of these senators as well as the main issues they focused on, including state administration, justice, local governance, education and foreign policy.
4
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Senatorowie wobec spraw wyznaniowych na sejmie 1597 roku

51%
Gałuszka J.
Przegląd Nauk Historycznych
|
2019
|
vol. 18
|
issue 2
209-228
EN
The article discusses the attitude of senators to religious matters at the Sejm in 1597. It was an extremely turbulent assembly, the first one after the conclusion of the Brest Union. It shows the great commotion that this act caused in the multinational society of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The defence of Orthodoxy by Protestants also showed an alliance between dissidents. In the history of this alliance, the Sejm I am analysing occupies a special place, because for the first time in its forum there was cooperation between Orthodox and Protestants in defense of the Warsaw confederation concluded in 1573. Thanks to the use of Sejm diaries, correspondence and written newspapers, I present Sejm speeches of senators during the sessions of the Sejm. Their juxtaposition makes it possible to state that this issue played a significant role in the internal politics of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the end of the 16th century.
PL
Artykuł omawia stosunek senatorów do spraw wyznaniowych na sejmie w 1597 r. Było to niezwykle burzliwe zgromadzenie, pierwsze po zawarciu unii brzeskiej (1596). Pokazuje duże poruszenie, jakie wywołał ów akt w wielonarodowym społeczeństwie Rzeczypospolitej polsko-litewskiej. Obrona prawosławia podczas obrad sejmu przez protestantów ukazywała również sojusz między dysydentami. W jego dziejach analizowany przeze mnie sejm zajmuje miejsce szczególne, po raz pierwszy bowiem na jego forum doszło do współpracy między prawosławnymi a protestantami w obronie konfederacji warszawskiej zawartej w 1573 r. Nie było to przypadkowe i doraźne łączenie sił w momencie zagrożenia swobód wyznaniowych, ale długofalowa i dobrze przemyślana strategia, obejmująca pełen wachlarz działań.
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