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EN
Inner city perceptions create a mental representation from different approaches: a visual approach, carried out through observation and description; a second approach, focused on evaluation and analysis of a city; and a third approach, which integrates the feelings that a space evokes in individuals known as the sense of the place. In the final analysis the aforementioned approach condition the behaviour (action-decision) of individuals. Image capture mainly happens while people walk in, travel to or visit a city using different ways to get around and they organize a mental map of the city. University students were selected from two Spanish cities: Murcia (215 respondents) and Valencia (300 respondents) to reply to a survey and to draw a map of their city. Results of the images of the cities in which they were currently living also proved useful in providing guidelines on sustainable growth of cities and in detecting deficiencies in order to correct them. The research model could be used in other cities throughout the world.
EN
Inner city perceptions create a mental representation from different approaches: a visual approach, carried out through observation and description; a second approach, focused on evaluation and analysis of a city; and a third approach, which integrates the feelings that a space evokes in individuals known as the sense of the place. In the final analysis the aforementioned approach condition the behaviour (action-decision) of individuals. Image capture mainly happens while people walk in, travel to or visit a city using different ways to get around and they organize a mental map of the city. University students were selected from two Spanish cities: Murcia (215 respondents) and Valencia (300 respondents) to reply to a survey and to draw a map of their city. Results of the images of the cities in which they were currently living also proved useful in providing guidelines on sustainable growth of cities and in detecting deficiencies in order to correct them. The research model could be used in other cities throughout the world.
EN
Urban environment management (UEM) and environmental social science (ESS) are two interconnected approaches that show significant potential for creating more sustainable and liveable cities. Their research has, however, been mainly disjointed, which may be because planning and policy have placed more emphasis on UEM than ESS at the same time. This research examined ESS in terms of the quality of life (QOL) criteria and sense of place (SOP) of citizens living by the river with the UEM intervention in the form of policies and programmes. The effects of fieldwork in the form of specialised and spatial interviews are presented in this research, which is usually ignored in the literature review of this type of analysis. The study aims to fill the current gap in this field in three European capitals by providing a reflective methodological account of fieldwork and the ‘elite interviewing’ approach. This paper produces a distinct form of the localisation of the research and sampling techniques and is as new, interactive and developing as possible. The results of the present study are underpinned by the conceptual model of research, which supports the main aim of this analysis and tries to examine the components of research in a new perspective. The findings high- lighted that maintaining and strengthening ESS for citizens living next to rivers require innovative UEM, which uses urban creativity in the field of goals, urban settlements, strategies and management solutions to provide the base for increasing the liveability of the city and improving the quality of urban life.
EN
This study contributes to the micro-history during the structural reorganization of Estonia in the 1950s by examining everyday letter exchange between the members of a family consisting of a single mother and her two daughters. The study uses a mobilities approach toward the meaning of belonging while investigating everyday places and related practices, the mentalities of individual stages of life, and symbolical relations which are influenced by structural formation. The study indicates mobile characteristics of belonging in a family’s subjective attachment to a place. The letters reflect the developments in self-identity related to the sense of belonging of two different generations influenced by rural and urban everyday life. The sense of belonging of the mother, born before World War II, is moving to the past, where the historically shaped everyday life and personal meaning-making at the rural home farm can offer symbolic and practical safety in this insecure social period. The sense of belonging of the younger daughter, considering her personal life stage and the conditions of the ruling power, is adapting to urban life, as this environment offers better possibilities for self-realization.
EN
Reunified in 1861, Italy appeared on the international scene almost ready to rush into the scramble for the last outposts of the world not yet explored or conquered by other nations. Along the path that constructed her colonial discourse, considered as the totality of practices and representations supporting the birth and affirmation of Italian colonialism, particularly interesting are some diaries and travel notes written by Navy mariners, busy in oceanic campaigns and circumnavigations in the twenty years preceding the first African settlement. Indeed, these texts show us the dialectical intercourse between the marvel of new encounters and its domestication through the memory of personal and socio−cultural experiences, and, in particular, how the Italian mental attitude on men and lands of the time was influenced by an introspective and affective projection bound to preexisting visions of territory and agriculture. Moreover, the comparison of specific senses of places with the yet to be defined space and the men who inhabit it partakes to the process of selection and emphasis of the Italian national traits, delineating a sense of place of the entire Italian Nation.
PL
Celem artykułu jest pokazanie na jak różne sposoby ludzie starsi są związani ze swoim miejscem zamieszkania. Autor porusza teoretyczne i empiryczne aspekty tego zagadnienia. W części teoretycznej tekstu przedstawiono te kategorie teoretyczne w gerontologii środowiskowej, które wyjaśniają charakter i siłę psychologicznie nierozerwalnych związków człowieka starego z jego miejscem zamieszkania. Najważniejszymi z tych mechanizmów są: poczucie miejsca, przywiązanie do miejsca oraz funkcjonalna zależność od miejsca zamieszkania. W części empirycznej autor ilustruje mechanizmy przywiązania seniorów do ich miejsca zamieszkania, posługując się materiałem empirycznym z czterech projektów badawczych, w których osobiście uczestniczył (w tym ogólnopolski projekt zamawiany PolSenior). Dokonując wyboru spośród zgromadzonego materiału empirycznego, autor koncentruje się na analizie jakościowej wywiadów pogłębionych ukazujących stosunek starszych mieszkańców wybranych osiedli na Górnym Śląsku do ich miejsca zamieszkania. Z badań tych wynika, że seniorzy, mimo odczuwanych niedogodności w środowisku zamieszkania, najczęściej chcą w nim pozostać. Są przywiązani do swojego miejsca zamieszkania, czują się w nim najpewniej, a w innym, na starość, raczej nie zaadaptowaliby się tak pomyślnie. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że potrzebne są rozwiązaniaorganizacyjne i architektoniczno-urbanistyczne zapewniające opiekę w znanym i akceptowanym przez seniorów środowisku zamieszkania.
EN
The aim of this article is to show the different ways in which elderly people are bound to their habitat. The author sheds light both on theoretical and empirical aspects of this issue. The concepts which explain psychological mechanisms that bind elderly people to their residential environment have been presented in the theoretical part of the article. These concepts include the sense of place, the place attachment and the place dependence, which are the most important. To illustrate the mechanisms of the seniors’ attachment to their habitat in the empirical part of the text, the author presents the results of four research projects (including nation-wide project PolSenior). In the presentation of the empirical material that has been collected, the author focuses on the qualitative analysis of the in-depth interviews which show the attitudes of senior residents of chosen settlements in Upper Silesia towards their residential environment. According to the research presented in the article, despite some inconveniences senior respondents tend to stay where they live. They feel attached to the place, they feel secure there or they are too old to adapt to new surroundings. In light of the research conducted, there is a need for organizational an d urban-architectural solutions that provide care within the habitat that is recognizable and acceptable by seniors.
EN
This paper investigates Andrew Wingfield’s use of the frontier myth in the short‑story cycle Right of Way (2010), set in a contemporary urban neighborhood undergoing gentrification. Using Frederick Jackson Turner’s notion of the frontier and the Chicago School’s urban ecology as a theoretical backdrop, I explore the ways in which Wingfield both deploys and challenges the imagery of the frontier and the invasion–succession model of the ecological paradigm. I argue that, while the frontier myth most likely appeals to the Americans’ self-identity as a nation, Wingfield uses the myth as the warp on which to weave a nuanced picture of the new urban frontier, with a focus on micro-level interactions and attachments that produce a sense of place.
PL
Metaforyka pogranicza w cyklu opowiadań Andrew Wingfielda pt. Right of Way (2010) poświęconych procesom gentryfikacji Niniejszy artykuł stanowi analizę cyklu opowiadań pt. Right of Way (2010) amerykańskiego pisarza Andrew Wingfielda przez pryzmat mitu pogranicza. Odwołując się do pojęcia pogranicza, sformułowanego przez historyka Fredericka Jacksona Turnera pod koniec XIX w. oraz do teorii miejskiej ekologii wypracowanej przez socjologów tzw. szkoły chicagowskiej, pokazuję w jaki sposób Wingfield wykorzystuje metaforę pogranicza i proces inwazji-sukcesji w celu krytycznego ujęcia gentryfikacji w podmiejskiej Ameryce. Wingfield sięga po rozpoznawalny dla Amerykanów mit założycielski, ale zabieg ten służy mu jako punkt wyjścia do wielowymiarowego ujęcia zmian zachodzących w przestrzeni miejskiej. Interesują go przede wszystkim interakcje międzyludzkie w obrębie lokalnej wspólnoty oraz tworzenie się więzi emocjonalnej z miejscem.
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