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EN
The philosophy of Henri Bergson was popular, almost fashionable in pre-war Paris. This article poses the question how and to what extent Bergson’s philosophy was reflected in the years 1918–1948 by the Czechoslovak philosophers of the time (T. Trnka, F. Pelikán, K. Vorovka, F. Mareš or V. Hoppe). The influence of Bergson is evidenced by Trnka’s book titled A Dead End of Modern Philosophy (Moderní filosofie ve slepé uličce, 1924), in which Trnka offers an independent evaluation of the state of philosophy of his time: Bergsonian intuitive irrationalism, Trnka claims, has led philosophy to a critical noetic peak, after which a collapse transpires. The goal of this paper is to shed light on certain tendencies of intuitivism, irrationalism and individualism in Inter-War Czechoslovak Philosophy; using as examples the two aforementioned authors, F. Mareš and V. Hoppe, we want to show how (and if) Trnka’s “Dead End” appears in their philosophy, and how (and if) this “collapse” indirectly forms their philosophy
EN
The topic of this article is the usage in business language of seven particular words describing values or positively evaluated in this language (morality, sensitivity, excellence, loyalty, sentiment, execution, aggressive). The major part of the paper is dedicated to adetailed comparative analysis of these new meanings, based on the variety of examples taken from the Polish business language. The meanings of these words, as observed in business language, vary greatly as noted based on five Polish language dictionaries published in the 21st century, used for comparison. In most cases those new meanings of the examined words are not mentioned in the analysed dictionaries. In the final section of the text the author comments on the values discourse in business language (operational dimension, utility approach, ambition to measure and control the values), potential influence of value-words as used in business language on the common Polish language as well as the question whether these new meanings should be included in Polish language dictionaries.
EN
In his attempt to explain the essence of love Franciszek Sawicki combines two principally contradictory conceptions: the traditional one according to which the sentiment of love is regarded as an element of the carnal part of the human being, and love is pushed into the sphere of the irrational; the phenomenological one that defines love as a complete, free, meaningful, and intentional act of response to a value. Now seeking a compromise, he tried to prove that we cannot describe the rich and complex reality of sentiments together with their attendant experiences by means of rigid linguistic and conceptual structures. Man’s emotional life and the phenomenon of love, as the foundation of his existence, are much richer than any mental system that fails to grasp this complexity or to justify it by means of reason. Undoubtedly, Sawicki should be most merited in this area for his attempt to bring back the proper place for the human emotional sphere.
PL
W tekście przedstawiono cztery najważniejsze pozytywne tendencje wizerunkowe występujące w 94 tekstach na temat księży publikowanych na tabloidowym portalu Fakt24.pl w latach 2009–2016 (Zmarły, Ofiara złego, Pośrednik między Bogiem a człowiekiem, Wyjątkowy). Materiał ten podważa tezę o programowym antyklerykalizmie portalu Fakt24.pl (mimo znacznej przewagi tekstów o księżach mających wydźwięk negatywny). Różnice między odmiennymi, skrajnymi przedstawieniami kapłana pokazują, że sposób pisania o księżach (w tym radykalizm ocen) nie wynika (wyłącznie) z określonych sympatii redakcyjnych lub polityki redakcyjnej, lecz z logiki tabloidowej, nakazującej przedstawianie bohatera w sposób wyostrzony i jednoznaczny. Oznacza to między innymi, że pozytywna lub negatywna ocena bohatera wynika z potrzeb dramaturgii opisywanej historii z udziałem księdza.
EN
This paper presents four major positive image tendencies observable in 94 texts concerning priests that were published on the tabloid portal, Fakt24.pl, in the period 2009–2016 (a deceased person, a victim of a villain, an intermediary between God and a man, an exceptional person). The material presented challenges the claim that the portal is systemically anti-clerical (irrespective of the prevalence of negative-sentiment texts regarding priests). Diff erences between various and opposite depictions of priests show that the manner in which priests are described (and the radicalism of assessments) does not arise (solely) from a specifi c sentyment of the editorial board or its policy, but from tabloid logics which requires that a character be presented in a clear and unambiguous manner. This means, among others, that a positive or negative assessment of the protagonist is determined by the needs of narration used to tell a story in which a priest has a role to play.
EN
Tunisia constitutes one of basic directions of tourist trips in Poland. However terrorist attack on the museum in Bardo, widely related in mass media, changed the image of Tunisia as the safe holiday destination. The assassination caused a number of consequences for the Polish tourism, for tour operators sending tourists to Tunisia, and finally for visitors (or intended to visit Tunisia). One of the key decisions of clients who bought stay in Tunisia, was a decision: to go or not to go there. In turn for people who just spent holiday in Tunisia, there’ another dilemma – to come back now or wait until the end of their stay. Similar decisions arose before the touroperators. From a sociological point of view, the social sentiment of opinions on outbound tourism to Tunisia reflect company profiles on Facebook (fanpage) of the principal tourist agencies sending customers to the country concerned. The fanpages were in fact sometimes very emotional discourse on line touroperator–client. The aim of the paper is to examine and evaluate the sentiment of statements on fanpages of main tour operators focusing around the question: to go or not to go there (tourist point of view); to continue departures or to cease them (point of view of touroperators). Because of the direct, immediate and honest (sometimes painfully) discussions conducted at company profiles on Facebook, you can glimpse into the motivations of choice for consumers on the one hand, and on the other take a look at and consider the arguments of travel operators.  
PL
Tunezja stanowiła do 2015 roku jeden z głównych kierunków wyjazdów turystycznych Polaków. Jednak zamach terrorystyczny na muzeum w Bardo, szeroko relacjonowany w mass mediach, zmienił wizerunek Tunezji jako bezpiecznego miejsca wypoczynku. Jedną z kluczowych decyzji klientów biur podróży, którzy wykupili pobyt w omawianym kraju, była decyzja: jechać do zarezerwowanego wcześniej miejsca czy zmienić kraj planowanego wypoczynku. Przed podobnym dylematem stanęli organizatorzy turystyki: zawiesić ofertę wypoczynku w omawianym kraju czy uznać, że zamach nie stanie się poważnym czynnikiem wyborów konsumenckich. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie i ocena sentymentu wypowiedzi na profilach firmowych (fanpage’ach) biur podróży wysyłających turystów do Tunezji, ogniskująca się wokół kwestii: jechać – nie jechać. Ze względu na bezpośrednią, natychmiastową i szczerą dyskusję prowadzoną między internautami oraz między internautami a biurem podróży, można przyjrzeć się rzeczywistym przesłankom wyborów dokonywanych w ramach procesu nabywczego w sytuacji kryzysowej.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia uproszczoną procedurę konstrukcji słownika tonu służącego do zautomatyzowanego rozpoznawania typu opinii biegłego rewidenta, opracowanego na podstawie opinii sporządzonych w języku polskim. Opierając się na próbie 362 opinii załączonych do sprawozdań finansowych zestawionych w okresie od 2013 roku do 2016 roku stworzono korpus językowy. Wykorzystując metody analizy tekstu i analizy korelacji oszacowano ładunki informacyjne słów na podstawie korelacji z typem opinii biegłego rewidenta. Wyniki wskazują na istotny związek opinii zmodyfikowanej (negatywnej lub z zastrzeżeniem) i tonu oraz braku takich zależności w przypadku opinii bez zastrzeżeń. Procedura tworzenia słownika oraz sam słownik mogą być zastosowane do konstruowania automatycznych algorytmów handlu akcjami.
EN
This paper presents a simplified procedure for construction of a tone dictionary used for the automated recognition of the auditor's opinion type. The study was based on audit opinions prepared in the Polish language. Our sample consists of 362 reports for the period 2013-2016. It served as a basis for creating the language corpus. We applied text mining techniques combined with correlation analysis to assess information content of words on the basis of correlation with the type of auditor’s opinion. We have demonstrated that a modified auditor’s report (negative or qualified) has a significant correlation with tone while in the case of an unqualified opinion there is no such correlation. The procedure of dictionary creation and the dictionary itself can be used to develop automatic trading algorithms.
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