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Postoj carského Ruska k nabídkám separátního míru s císařským Německem za „Velké války“ (1916–1917)

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Prokš P.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

2013

vol. 21

issue 1

39-63

The initiative of making separate peace with Russia came primarily from the imperial Germany. On the Russian side it was mostly appreciated by the Germanophilist and conservative monarchist circles of the court “camarilla” in Petersburg who themselves made several attempts of direct negotiations with Berlin. They were primarily interested in creating favorable external conditions needed to suppress the liberal opposition and destroy the growing revolutionary movement inside Russia. Tsar Nicholas II and Tsarina Alexandra Fyodorovna agreed with the court “camarilla” on the necessity to conserve the existing autocratic system and to suppress the liberal opposition. However,

Lloyd George and the Dual Monarchy, 1917–1918

84%

Egedy G.

Central European Papers

2014

vol. 2

issue 2

36-50

The present study aims to offer a contribution to the research on the diplomatic history of World War I, focusing its attention on the relation between Great Britain and the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1917–1918. To be more precise, it attempts to highlight the personal role of the prime minister of Britain, Lloyd George in shaping this relation. The fundamental assumption of the article is that, Lloyd George was committed to detach the Dual Monarchy from Germany by means of a separate peace. The study focuses on the repeated attempts to negotiate a secret arrangement with the Monarchy after Emperor Karl came to the throne in 1916 and initiated a new foreign policy, with the view to secure peace for his empire and eventually to break with Berlin. The author analyses in details the secret mission of Prince Sixtus in the first half of 1917 and the confidential talks between Jan Smuts and Albert Mensdorff in December 1917. The primary source for this work is the War Memoirs of Lloyd George, but the memoirs of Prince Sixtus are also extensively utilized. The major conclusion of the author is that Lloyd George realized that in Central Europe a large – federalized – political structure might serve better international stability than a large number of small states divided along national lines and inimical to one another.

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1 Central European Papers

1 Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

1 Egedy G.

1 Prokš P.

1 2014

1 2013

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Postoj carského Ruska k nabídkám separátního míru s císařským Německem za „Velké války“ (1916–1917)

Lloyd George and the Dual Monarchy, 1917–1918