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PL
The feminist interpretation of The Dictionary of the language of Jan Chryzostom Pasek consisted in searching for information on the status and position of women during the baroque period, and in tracing these lexicographic tools, which revealed the hierarchy of gender related values employed by its editors. The analysis focused on lexicographic articles describing persons of female gender in juxtaposition with their male counterparts. The Dictionary reflects all of the central features of patriarchal culture of Polish Sarmatia and the entailed asymmetry of gender roles. However, as the gender category has not been sufficiently accounted for in the lexicographic treatment of personal nouns, The Dictionary does not appreciate some of the cultural content.
EN
The article demonstrates mutual interconnection between the ongoing social discourse and narratives of popular culture over the last fifty years on the example of film series with protagonist James Bond. The chosen method that combines the multidisciplinary approach to the analysis with the contextualisation of a pop-cultural text is aimed at demonstrating the possibilities of visual anthropology in the realm of social and cultural analysis. The texts highlights the examples when an artistic narrative is controlled by diverse types of social dispositive and the resulting art text also forms and determines the way of thinking about bases of social discourse. The social discourse practice and the pop-cultural narratives are addressed in a dialectic symbiosis: depiction of relationship between man and woman, frequency of sexual intercourse or its absence in a narrative, way of depicting the “otherness”, and ethnicity and nationality of characters are signs that reflect geopolitical situation, types of global threat, social taboo and imperatives, stratification of the society, and ideals of lifestyle. Simultaneously, the above signs spread and strengthen the depicted stereotypes in pop-cultural texts. The reflection and reproduction of social reality dissolve in the pop-culture, and as a consequence, they influence the behaviour and ways of thinking, the product of which they are.
EN
In the article the author indicates the existence of different opinions on the meaning of gender and sex. In this context she refers to Raewyn W. Connell's the theory of gender according to which all types of masculinity and femininity existing in society today are dominated by hegemonic masculinity. She presents the results of her own research which is aimed at discovering young men's prejudice towards their own sex. The research examines the subject of men studying nursing and working as nurses. Even though the results of the analysis do not allow to state the crisis of masculinity, they certainly prove the necessity of redefining what is manly. In the face of the asymmetry of demographic processes and the pessimistic diagnosis of the numbers of nurses and midwives in the near future the thinking patterns existing among the examined group, which stress the feminine character of the above mentioned studies and profession are quite disturbing. The profession, often related by the respondents with low income, is in their opinion irreconcilable with the image of man, embedded in their mentality as the main breadwinner.
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