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EN
Aleksandra Joanna Młynarska in the paper Is the conservation of post-German inscriptions on tenement houses an example of a change in thinking about the heritage and history of urban space in Poland? analyzes the issues of painted shop signs and wall inscriptions in German, created in the first half of the Twentieth century in Western Poland. A difficult historical context – the post-war change of Polish borders, the resettlement of the German population from the Western and Northern Territories, attempts by the post-war Polish authorities to obliterate all post-German traces and the fear of the return of German descendants living in today's Polish territory affect the contemporary reception of the studied group of objects. German-language wall inscriptions are sometimes the target of acts of vandalism and deliberate destruction, and at the same time documentary studies are made about them and are a destination for alternative urban tourism. The problem of a dual attitude towards this group of objects is reflected in the ongoing conservation works. A questionnaire was analyzed, carried out at the Voivodoship Offices for the Protection of Monuments and the Municipal Monument Conservators in western and northern Poland, which shows the amount and location of conservation-restoration of post-German painted shop signs in Poland. The study of the issues of the stratigraphic structure of the paintings as well as the techniques and technology of their creation constitute the basis for researching the issues of their conservation and restoration. Although the damage characteristic of this group of objects coincides with the typical damage of wall painting, their significant feature is the particular exposure to external and atmospheric destructive factors. Particularly dangerous threats include the action of infiltration and capillary water, microbiological attack and the effects of human activity in the form of gases and dusts highly concentrated in the city and, consequently, the phenomenon of acid rains. Their effects affect not only the conservation and restoration process, but also the materials used in the work.
EN
This article presents the author’s conclusions on firmonyms (chrematonyms) located in urban space, drawn partly on the basis of the object-oriented philosophy. The material in the form of photographs of shop signs was collected during the field exploration, mostly in Poznań. The design context of firmonyms is based on relevant communicative functions they fulfil as described in the theory of business communication (see Wacław Šmid). New design context, which, in the author’s opinion, should constitute a separate category in research on proper names that blend into our “urban (linguistic) landscape”, can be a starting point for conclusions concerning aesthetics, utility or simplicity of form and can underline marketing or linguistic assets as well as problems of onomastic texts. The author also presents another methodological suggestion based on the word-picture composition created in the 16th century, i.e. an emblem. It can be used in the onomastic-design aspect, using literary terms such as lemma, imago or subscription as components of the emblem, connecting the image with the text. The above-presented research problem shall be the scope of further studies in the field of marketing and design in its broad sense, bordering on onomastics.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie kwestii dotyczących nazw firmowych (chrematonimów) umiejscowionych w przestrzeni miejskiej, z wykorzystaniem teorii zwrotu ku rzeczom. Materiał w postaci zdjęć szyldów został zebrany podczas eksploracji terenu, w przeważającej mierze w Poznaniu. Płaszczyzną do umiejscowienia ich w kontekście projektowym jest funkcjonowanie nazw własnych w kontekstach komunikacyjnych zaczerpniętych z teorii komunikacji biznesowej (por. W. Šmid). Nowy kontekst projektowy, który warto według autora wyodrębnić w badaniach związanych z nazwami firmowymi (firmonimy) w „pejzażu miejskim (językowym)”, prowadzi nie tylko do wniosków związanych z estetyką, użytkowością czy prostotą formy, ale także uwypukla marketingowe oraz językowe walory i problemy omawianych onimów. Autor ukazuje także jeszcze jedną propozycję metodologiczną, której podstawę stanowi powstała w XVI wieku kompozycja słowno-obrazkowa, jaką jest emblemat.Wykorzystać ją można w onomastyczno-projektowym aspekcie, stosując literaturoznawcze pojęcia, takie jak lemma, imago czy subskrypcja, jako składowe emblematu, łączące obraz z tekstem. Przedstawione zagadnienie jest jedynie wprowadzeniem do szerszych badań z pogranicza onomastyki, szeroko rozumianego marketingu i dizajnu, których wynik zostanie przedstawiony w formie oddzielnej monografii.
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