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Alytaus miesto architektūra prieškariu

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LT
Straipsnyje aptariama Alytaus miesto architektūra prieškariu, istorinės aplinkybės, kai miestas, pradėjęs kurtis deši-niajame Nemuno krante, menkai plėtojosi (I-as Alytus), o miesto branduolys, jo centras susiformavo upės kairiajame krante (II-as Alytus). Prieškariu II-me Alytuje šalia senamiesčio kūrėsi nauji rajonai - Naujamiestis, Kurortas. 1930-1940 m. - Alytaus augimo dešimtmetis, miestas plėtėsi ir vystėsi kaip vasarvietė. Pažymėtina Alytaus apskrities ir miesto vyriausiojo inžinieriaus, architekto Vytauto Trečioko veikla, jo prieškariu projektuoti visuomeniniai ir privatūs gyvenamieji namai, tarp jų moderni Alytaus pradinė mokykla Nr. 4 Birutės g. 26.
EN
During a couple of hundred years, a mixed-plan system has been formed in Alytus: an irregular one in the old town and exact and rational in the new town parts, based on a regular street network, correct plan and spatial structure. Historical factors determined the town's development: on the right bank of the Nemunas river the development was slow (Alytus I), and the center of the town, formed on the left bank of the Nemunas river (Alytus II), from the urban point of view, was the most valuable part of the town. The period 1930-1940 was extremely important for the town's development: central areas were arranged, quite a number of public buildings were built (town hospital, tuberculosis sanatorium, town municipality, seminary, etc.), a reinforced concrete bridge over Nebulas. In 1935-1944 Vytautas Treĉiokas, the chief architect and designing engineer of Alytus district, tried to make Alytus look like a holiday resort and designed a modern elementary school.
2
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EN
This article aims to propose the need to approach Francesco Petrarca's Opera Omnia as a single text, fragmented into different individual works. I will demonstrate that its unity is not in extratextual, historical or biographical elements, but in the same poetic form, since the coherence that governs the structure is above all artistic. Moreover, such a form has to be read and considered as a novel. To define this text and justify the proposed choice, I will resort to the teaching of some renowned theorists and critics of contemporary literature because it is the poet himself who allows to refer to his work from an ever-new present. If it is true that Petrarca is a classical author, since he places himself in that rhetorical and poetic tradition, from there he addresses not only his contemporaries, but also ad posteros, which makes it possible to consider him ancient as well as contemporary, and as such it is possible to analyze him. In addition, if it is true that a classic is an author whose work never finishes saying what it has to say, the passage of time cannot be a penalty, but a resource with which his word lives in a constant present and that is why it is possible to read under a current hermeneutic lens.
ES
El presente artículo quiere proponer la necesidad de enfocar la Opera Omnia de Francesco Petrarca como un texto único, fragmentado en diferentes obras individuales. Demostraré que su unidad no demora en elementos extratextuales, históricos o biográficos, sino en la misma forma poética, ya que la coherencia que rige la estructura no es, sino artística. Más aún, que dicha forma tiene que ser leída y considerada como una novela. Para definir este texto y justificar la elección propuesta, recurriré a la enseñanza de unos renombrados teóricos y críticos de la literatura de la contemporaneidad porque es el mismo poeta quien permite referirse a su obra desde un presente siempre nuevo. Si es cierto que Petrarca es un autor clásico, ya que se coloca en aquella tradición retórica y poética, de allí se dirige no solo a sus contemporáneos, sino también ad posteros, y esto significa que es posible considerarlo antiguo a la vez que contemporáneo, y como tal es posible analizarlo. Además, si es cierto que clásico es aquel autor cuya obra nunca acaba de decir lo que tiene que decir, el paso del tiempo no puede ser una penalización, sino un recurso con el que su palabra vive en un presente constante y que por ello es posible leer bajo una óptica hermenéutica actual.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest problematyka gospodarowania odpadami i związana z tym tematem logistyka odpadów. Przedstawione zostały główne źródła powstawania odpadów. Zdefiniowany i omówiony został także system logistyczny odpadów, gdzie podkreślono jego znaczny wpływ na gospodarowanie odpadami. Istotnym punktem artykułu są przykłady usprawnień logistyki odpadów, dzięki którym można zaoszczędzić m.in. czas i pieniądze. Sformułowano konkluzję, iż przemyślane i skuteczne zastosowanie systemu logistycznego odpadów oraz wprowadzanie do niego możliwych usprawnień ma na celu usystematyzowanie pewnych określonych działań, w celu jak najszybszego i najskuteczniejszego przetworzenia odpadów
EN
The article deals with the problem of waste management and related to this, waste logistics. The main sources of waste generation are presented. The waste logistics system is also defined and discussed, where its significant impact on waste management was emphasized. What is an important part of the article are examples of waste logistics improvements, thanks to which time and money can be saved. The main sources of waste generation are also presented here. The conclusion is that the deliberate and effective application of the waste logistic system and the introduction of possible improvements to it are aimed at systematizing certain specific activities in order to process waste as quickly and efficiently as possible
RU
В центре внимания настоящей статьи находится проблема управления отходами и непосредственно связанная с ней логистика отходов. Автор перечисляет основные источники образования отходов. Определена и рассмотрена система логистики отходов, подчеркнуто ее влияние на управление отходами. Важной составляющей статьи являются конкретные примеры совершенствования логистических процессов, благодаря которым достигается экономия денежных средств и времени. Автор статьи приходит к выводу, что продуманная и эффективная система логистики отходов, атакжевнесение в нее возможных изменений призваны систематизировать описываемую деятельность и способствуют более быстрому и продуктивному управлению переработкой отходов.
IT
Il presente articolo riguarda la gestione dei rifiuti e la logistica dei rifiuti relativa a questo argomento. Sono state presentate le fonti principali dei rifiuti. Anche il sistema logistico dei rifiuti è stato definito e discusso, in cui è stato sottolineato il suo impatto significativo sulla gestione dei rifiuti. Il punto importante dell’articolo sono gli esempi di miglioramenti nella logistica dei rifiuti, grazie ai quali è possibile risparmiare, tra l’altro tempo e soldi. Sono arrivati alla conclusione che l’applicazione concreta ed efficace del sistema logistico dei rifiuti e l’introduzione di possibili miglioramenti ha lo scopo di sistematizzare determinate attività specifiche al fine di trattare i rifiuti nel modo più rapido possibile ed efficiente.
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