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Na co všechno můžeme narazit?

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The article deals with the current use of the verb narazit na “to come across” in contemporary Czech. Based on examples from the Czech National Corpus, it analyses the types of collocations and points out their specifics. The analysis focuses on the non-primary, resp. abstract meanings of this verb.
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The paper is a corpus-based study of verbal encoding of Motion events in the cognitive semantics framework. First, it introduces Talmy’s semantic typology, based on the way languages code the key component of the Motion event, namely Path (Verb-framed languages encode it on the verbal root, Satellite-framed language outside of it). It then provides an overview of the experimental and typological research, which Talmy inspired, and an overall critical assessment of Talmy’s proposal. This is followed by a pilot study of Motion event encoding in Czech (which has not appeared in the typological studies so far). Relying on what Chestermann (2003, s. 318) calls T-universals, namely quantitative deviations from the target language norm (Altenberg a Granger, 2002, s. 40), I compare Czech (Satellite-framed) translations of English (Satellite-framed) and Spanish (Verb-framed) fiction texts in their ways of expressing boundary-crossing events. The analysis confirms the typological difference between English and Spanish by revealing a wider range of verbal lemmata with the Path prefix v(e)- [in] in the subcorpus of translations from English, but approximately the same number of the verb tokens is found in both subcorpora; this is due to a small number of high freqency low-manner verbs (coding “motion on foot”) in the translations from Spanish. A future comparison with non-translated Czech data might reveal intratypological differences (in the sense of Hijazo-Gascón a Ibarretxe-Antuñano, 2013), namely between English and Czech.
EN
In the article I compare expressions of translational motion in Finnish texts and their Czech translation. The semantic analysis of verbs of motion is based on Talmy (2001, 2003) and I establish which components of a motion event (path, direction, goal, figure, manner) are essential when expressing motion events in the two languages and by what means they can be expressed. I also compare the results of my analysis with Talmyan typology of satellite-framed and verb-framed languages. I conclude that in Finnish many frequent motion verbs express aspects of path together with adverbial expressions, whereas in Czech verbs express manner more often than in Finnish. Finnish and Czech also use differing anchorings of the direction of motion — in Czech the direction is anchored with respect to explicitly mentioned surroundings; in Finnish deictic motion verbs are in frequent use and also several means of anchoring may be used in one clause (for example by a deictic motion verb and an adverbial or by several adverbials).
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