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EN
The presented description of the available sources for the research on the small sacral architecture focuses on three types of them: archives, cartographic data and memoirs. Each of them provided important information and prompted to undergo a further field research. The latter not only confirmed data already found in the sources under examination, but led to a discovery of some new valuable material sources. The analysed example can serve as a support for the thesis that employing a combination of different cognitive, empirical methods in research is justifiable.
EN
The study focuses on specific aspects of historic cultural landscape of Telč and its immediate vicinity. The focal point is the location of sacral landmarks in the suburban areas of the town of Telč. The objects were studied in the context of territorial links among small sacral structures. We compared the places of interest and reconstructed them partly according to available iconographic sources and relicts survived in urbanism of the sites. This dense network of small sacral structures on a relatively small territory and their apparent legibility in the historic territorial composition demonstrates its inter- regional significance.
Studia Ełckie
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2015
|
vol. 17
|
issue 3
225-236
EN
Across the geographical landscape of Warmia one can point numerous architectural objects which exist as war memorials and were built in honour of the Warmia inhabitants fallen during the World War I. However, among them there are also objects which architecture is convergent with the one of the Warmia wayside shrines as far as the material used for building – bricks, and their Gothic Revival style. Longterm studies confirmed that some of the shrines accepted by the state departments of cultural heritage protection are indeed war memorials. This clear example of misunderstanding within architectural types classification was observed in Długobór. The article and the conducted proof explanation are dedicated to this object. The reason for classification of the shrines, this one and similar objects on Biesowo, Lubomino, Lutry and Tolkowiec was removing commemorative and military elements from these objects, although such elements were initially endowed with those emblems. Explaining the problem of the Długobór memorial classification was the first step towards further researches regarding various forms of the war memorials in Warmia.
PL
Warmińskie przydrożne kapliczki są niezwykle ważnym elementem materialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego regionu, które na stałe wpisały się w rodzimy krajobraz. Są one licznie rozsiane po całym jego terytorium, charakteryzują się niepowtarzalną architekturą, wyróżniają się niepowtarzalnie różnorodnymi stylami, formą i usytuowaniem. Dzięki temu Warmię można odróżnić od sąsiadujących z nią krain historycznych i geograficznych. Odzwierciedlają one dzieje katolickiej Warmii i głęboko ukształtowaną religię wśród miejscowego ludu. Autor postara się odpowiedzieć na kilka najważniejszych pytań dotyczących poruszanej w artykule problematyki: Skąd wzięły się kapliczki na Warmii? Ile istnieje kapliczek w omawianym regionie? Jakie ma znaczenie stawianie kapliczek? Jak wyglądają kapliczki i czym się one charakteryzują? Co dzieje się z kapliczkami dziś?
EN
Warmia’s wayside shrines are an extremely important part of the material cultural heritage of the region that permanently etched into the native landscape. They are numerous spread over whole his territory, characterized by a unique architecture, stand out unique variety of styles, forms and location. By that Warmia can be distinguished from neighboring historical and geographical regions. They reflect history of the catholic Warmia and deeply shaped religious among local people. The author will try to answer a few questions about raised the issue in the article: How did the wayside shrines come about? How many the wayside shrines are there in this region? What is the meaning of building the wayside shrines? What do they look like and by what do they characterize? What happens with the wayside shrines at the present time?
EN
Between June and September 2018, one of the local public libraries in eastern Poland implemented a project documenting roadside crosses and chapels. Information on these small forms of sacral architecture were gathered thanks to the testimonies of witnesses. Next, a book containing photographs of the objects accompanied by brief descriptions based on the recollections of the founders and the representatives of the local community was published. Using the example of this project, this article presents selected problems related to local history using the accounts of witnesses. Both the benefits of these activities (activization of the local community, increasing interest in the past, and increasing social dialogue) as well as the possible dangers (abuses and the expropriation of accounts) were noted.
PL
Od czerwca do września 2018 r., jedna z gminnych bibliotek publicznych na wschodzie Polski, realizowała projekt dokumentacyjny poświęcony krzyżom i kapliczkom przydrożnym. Informacje na temat tych małych form architektury sakralnej były gromadzone dzięki przekazom świadków historii. Następnie opublikowano album, w którym zamieszczono zdjęcia obiektów, opatrzone krótkimi opisami, powstałymi na bazie wspomnień fundatorów i przedstawicieli lokalnej społeczności. W artykule, na przykładzie właśnie tego projektu, przedstawiono wybrane problemy badań nad historią lokalną na podstawie przekazów świadków. Wykazano zarówno zalety takich działań (aktywizacja lokalnych społeczności, wzbudzanie zainteresowania wiedzą o przeszłości, wzbudzanie dialogu społecznego), jak i niebezpieczeństw, które mogą się z tym wiązać (nadużycia, zawłaszczanie opowieści).
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