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Migrace v české etnologii: náměty k obohacení migrační teorie

100%
Uherek Z.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
|
2016
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vol. 26
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issue 4
263 - 270
EN
The article is based on an argument that in the Czech and Moravian ethnologies, there is quite a big amount of information about migration and adaptation of people to a new environment whereby those information have not been fully utilized and they are rarely used in the relation to the theory of migration. The data were often collected in the past with different intentions than to explain the issue of migration, and they comment on that rather by accident and in a non-systematic way. However, especially the older works can become a good source that can no longer be replenished with experience from the field. The author of the text mentions works of classics of the Czech ethnology, such as Karel Chotek, Antonín Václavík, Iva Heroldová, Olga Skalníková or Mirjam Moravcová, and he shows how several themes served well to their successor to complete the depiction of processes that are connected with the issue of migration, or that could serve for this purpose. In the conclusion, he draws attention to some of new themes which are in-process in the field of ethnology and social anthropology in the Czech Republic. Due to the publication activity in the discipline, those themes are examples, not a systematic enumeration.
2
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Národopisná věda a příbuzné obory. Symbióza a konflikty

63%
Válka M.
Národopisný věstník
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2009
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vol. 26_(68)
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issue 1
18-29
EN
Although each independent scientific discipline has its own subject matter, a worked out system and specific methods and methodology of research, it is impossible to avoid cooperation with other scientific disciplines. The interdisciplinary cooperation brings new findings and provides new stimulations, therefore it is beneficial to both cooperating disciplines. This paper summarizes the way how ethnology faces out the interdisciplinary cooperation. At the end of the 19th century, ethnology detached itself from the historical, philological and literary research as a specialized socio-scientific discipline due to its orientation on the culture of pre-industrial village, where the roots of national identity were searched for. during the interwar period, cooperation with geography was developed and resulted in the ethnographical atlases. Functional structuralism, which had been worked out in the field of linguistics and literary studies, asserted itself in the folklore research. After 1948, ethnography was declared as a historical discipline, pluralism of scientific methods disappeared and Soviet ethnography became a universal model. In the 1960’s, when the political conditions became rather released, sociology (as an empirical science) was rehabilitated. Ethnography, turning its attention to the problems of the modern society and urban milieu, began to solve the issue of the barrier between both disciplines. Along with the change of the political system, the year 1989 brought many social changes which influenced Czechoslovak ethnography. Its name was changed to ethnology/European ethnology, which was realized in the whole Central European region. Cooperation with the newly constituted sociocultural anthropology became a topical problem.
3
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Od rituálů a obyčejů k performancím aneb jak studovat festivity moderní doby?

63%
Šima K.
Studia Ethnologica Pragensia
|
2017
|
issue 1
17-49
EN
In this article author suggests new possibilities in studying modern festivities based on thorough review of existing literature. His goal is to review and confront three disciplinary discourses that conceptualized social practices related to festive cultures. First, theories of ritual in social and cultural anthropology are analysed and assessed in relation to modern festivities. Second, the concepts of custom and habit used in the European ethnology, especially Central European tradition of Volkskunde (including Czech národopis), are presented and considered for research of modern festivities. Third, historical discourse about modern festivities is presented and theoretical challenges related to the historical perspective are introduced. On these grounds author proposes a conceptual framework based on performance studies that both reflects advantages of former three disciplinary discourses and overcomes their disadvantages. Finally, a set of new and innovative research questions is suggested.
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